ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10148.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We tested the hypothesis that extra early physical contact between mother and infant enhances aspects of their early relationship. Healthy, middle‐class mothers and their healthy, firstborn, singleton infants delivered vaginally at full‐term were randomly assigned to receive either regular contact (RC;N=39) or extra early physical contact (EC;N=39) following delivery. RC infants remained in cribs beside their mothers’beds, while EC infants and mothers had a mean of 46 min of physical contact in the recovery room.There was no difference between EC and RC subjects for the following outcome measures: amount of time mothers chose to have infants with them during the postpartum hospital stay; quality of mother‐infant interaction at two days and one month; concern mothers expressed for the infant at one month; mothers’perception of their postpartum adjustment; mothers’perception of the infant at two days and one month, and of the infant's temperament at eight months; and extent of mothers’assisting with and soothing the child during a physical examination at 13 months. EC children cried significantly less during the examination at 13 months. These findings do not support the hypothesis that extra early physical contact between mother and infant enhances their

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb14926.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Progress made during the last 60 years in reaching international agreement on perinatal terminology is reviewed. Agreed terms currently in use in respect to birthweight, gestational age and the collection of perinatal mortality and morbidity statistics are stated and defined. Arguments are advanced in support of an internationally agreed methodology for the measurement and reporting of infant growth in the perinatal period.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Recycling of bile acids through the enterohepatic cycle is very efficacious. Bile acids contribute to bile formation and, by forming micelles, participate in lipid solubilization and absorption. The small fraction which escapes in the feces, is synthesized daily by the liver to compensate for losses. In CF, bile acid malabsorption has been documented; these large losses are accompanied by an interruption in the enterohepatic circulation with concomitant reduction in bile acid pool and disturbances in biliary composition. The various intraluminal factors implicated in bile acid malabsorption include: unhydrolysed triglycerides and phospholipids, precipitation of bile acids in acidic duodenal content, adsorption to residues and modification of colonic microflora. A defect in bile acid ileal uptake has also been advocated. These disturbances in bile acid metabolism associated with CF might lead to aggravation of diarrhea and steatorrhea, cholelithiasis and perhaps liver disease.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb14928.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.All new eases of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children below 15 years of age were recorded prospectively during a 21–year period 1964–1984 in a defined uptake area with a relatively constant child population. The total number of children recorded was 222–111 boys and 111 girls. The number of new cases varied between 4 cases in 1968 and 20 in 1984; in 1983 seventeen new caw were recorded. Specific IgM antibodies against Coxsackie B virus (CBV), types 1–5 were measured by a reverse radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique in 24 consecutive patients collected during the period March 1982–January 1984, some of whom represented the recent period of a very high incidence of diabetes. Sixteen patients (67%) exhibited CBV IgM responses, strongly suggesting a current or recent CBV infection. The titres declined during the first few months of diabetes and seemed to be absent after the first half‐year period. Among age‐matched non‐diabetic children scheduled for elective procedures during the same period, no cases with CBV‐IgM antinbodies were detected. Only three of the 16 IgM‐RIA‐positive patients showed a signircant rise in the neutralising antibody titre against the same Coxsackie B type. It is concluded that CBV may play a pathogenetic role in induction of IDDM, and possibly more frequently so during periods with a high incidence of diabetes, at least in children

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We tested the hypothesis that extra early physical contact between mother and infant is associated with prolonged breast‐feeding. Healthy, advantaged mothers and their healthy, mature, vaginally‐delivered, firstborn infants were randomly assigned to receive either regular contact (N=39) or extra early contact beginning approximately one‐half hour after delivery (N=39). Fifty‐three (68%) of the 78 infants were breast‐fed. Age at which complete weaning occurred was known for 50 (94%) of the 53 infants. Prolonged breast‐feeding was not significantly associated with extra contact. Suckling during extra early contact was associated with greater incidence of breast‐feeding at two months (p0.05) for male and female inf

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A survey is given of the morphological and biochemical lesions of the small intestine that can he found in cystic fibrosis patients. The available data on the structure and function of the small intestine in CF patients favour the hypothesis that the small intestine itself might contribute to the malabsorption of nutrients in this disease. The most pronounced lesions, i.e. meconium ileus and absent active transport of bile salts are found in the ileum. It might be remembered that the ileum is also the site of intensive exchange of chloride and bicarbonate, a function that is heavily disturbed in the pancreas of CF patients. For this reason, further studies on the ileal function in cystic fibrosis are warranted.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb14929.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY