摘要:

ABSTRACT.Free fatty acid (FFA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T‐C), VLDL + LDL‐C, HDL‐C and its subfractions were determined in 18 very low birthweight (birthweight: 1064 ± 179 g; gestational age: 28.7 ± 1.6 weeks, mean ± SD) preterm infants on postnatal days 1, 14, 28, 42 and 56 (data are given in mmol/l). FFA levels remained low throughout the study (day 1: 0.13 ± 0.09…day 28: 0.15 ± 0.06…day 56: 0.16 ± 0.06). TG levels increased significantly from day 1 to 14 and from day 14 to 28 (day 1: 0.61 ± 0.06, day 14: 1.14 ± 0.28, day 28: 1.70 ± 0.89), thereafter they remained unchanged. T‐C levels increased significantly from day 1 (2.29 ± 0.83) to day 14 (3.05 ± 0.71), continued to increase up to day 28 (3.34 ± 1.58), subsequently decreasing to the level of day 1 (day 56: 2.63 ± 0.87). More marked alterations were seen in VLDL + LDL‐C (day 1: 1.51 ± 0.70, day 28: 2.32 ± 1.34, day 56: 1.76 ± 0.74), whereas in HDL‐C it was HD

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.During a 3‐year period (1979‐81) 85 premature infants with idiopathic respiratory distress (IRDS) were treated early with an easily applicable light‐weight CPAP‐system with a binasal tube and a gas jet. We used conservative criteria for ventilator treatment. The treatment proved sufficient in 18 out of 25 infants with a birth weight>1500 g and in 53 out of 60 infants with a birth weight>1500 g. Seven infants developed pneumothorax during CPAP treatment. Seventy‐four infants survived, all without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. At the age of 1.5‐4.5 years the incidence of respiratory tract infections did not differ from that in a group of siblings; and the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections was low compared to previous studies. With the criteria used, early CPAP proved effective in the majority of infant

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A retrospective epidemiological study of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infections among children in Denmark 1985 and 1986 was carried out and 226 cases were identified. Of these 93% occurred in patients younger than five, corresponding to an annual incidence of 40 cases per 100 000 children aged 0‐4 years, 68% occurred in patients younger than two years of age, and 6% in patients younger than six months. The annual incidences of meningitis and epiglottitis were 27 and 8 cases, respectively, per 100000 children aged 0‐4 years. Of the 156 cases with meningitis four patients died and seven had severe neurological sequelae. Only 67% of the cases of meningitis had been notif

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The immunogenicity and safety of recombinant yeast‐derived hepatitis B vaccine given in doses of 0.6 μg, 1.25 μg, 2.5 μg and 5.0 μg were studied in 4 comparable groups of children aged 1–12 years. All children received three doses of vaccine at time 0, 1 month and 5 months. Immunogenicity appeared to be satisfactory in all 4 groups of children. In the early phase of the study, a dose‐response relationship was observed but there was no significant difference in the geometric mean titre among all 4 groups for any period studied. Antibody levels peaked at 9 months, declining thereafter. The geometric mean titre one year after the first vaccine dose was not significantly lower than that at the peak (9 months) in any individual group studied. The second year geometric mean titre was similar in all 4 groups and lower than that of the first year. Sero‐conversion with antibody titres>10 mIU/ml was 100% in the 5.0 μg group and>90% in the other 3 groups. There were no adverse reactions of any significance. The immunogenicity of recombinant yeast‐derived hepatitis B vaccine was found to be adequate even at as low a dosage as 0.6 μg when administered in a

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We investigated serum IgA, IgG, IgM and IgG subclass concentrations, complement activity, lymphocyte subpopulations, Iymphocyte responses to mitogens and natural killer cell cytotoxicity in 15 children who had had osteomyelitis and septic arthritis and in a group of control subjects. IgG subclass concentrations below the fifth percentile for age occurred in 4 patients. We found isolated deficiencies of IgGI and IgC3 and combined deficiencies of IgG2/IgG3/IgC4 and IgG2/IgG4. Concentrations of IgA and of IgG tended to be below the mean for age. The percentage of Leu‐11 + cells was reduced in patients. Other immunological parameters studied were normal. These findings suggest that although most patients who have had osteomyelitis and septic arthritis do not have low immunoglobulin concentrations, impaired antibody production may be a predisposing factor in at least a few such childre

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Instability of the centromeric region of chromosome 1, and multibranched configurations formed by the short and long arms were seen in a brother and sister with facial dysmorphism, mental retardation and recurrent infections. No chromosomal abnormalities were seen in the parents, who were first cousins. The fragility of chromosome 1 was identified in amniotic fluid cells of the sister. A combined immunodeficiency characterized by a lack of immunoglobulin production, low numbers of T cells and a lack of cells with NK cell markers was diagnosed. This is the first report of familial occurrence of this unique chromosomal aberration. The cause may be an autosomal recessive gene defect.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Sensory‐motor and cognitive functioning was investigated in a group of 32 children treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT), 1–6 years after treatment. Twenty‐five of the patients had suffered from leukemia. The BMT procedure had involved a regimen of cytostatic drugs and, for leukemia patients, total body irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy, administered in one session. Cytostatic drugs and irradiation are known to be potentially neurotoxic, particularly when combined. The examination involved four neuropsychological tests of sensory‐motor and cognitive functioning, as well as an age‐appropriate intelligence test. For control the bone marrow donors (n=32), siblings of the patients, were also investigated. A pronounced delay in motor development was found in four children, who had been treated with BMT including total body irradiation before 3 years of age. Patients between 3 and 11 years of age at BMT were at a slight disadvantage, compared to donors, on tasks involving perceptual and fine motor speed. In older patients no deficits were

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.From 1982 to 1987 sixty‐three children were treated with cyclosporin A and low dose prednisolone after kidney transplantation. Patient survival rate at 4 years after transplantation was 98.3 %, survival rate of living related grafts 100 % (n = 10), and survival rate of cadaveric grafts 73 % (n = 53). Adequate cyclosporin blood levels were achieved in all children with a dosage regimen related to body surface area. Major concerns during the observation period were the loss of glomerular filtration rate from 51.8 to 40.5 ml/min/1.73 m2, a hypertension rate of 77.8 %, and hyperuricemia. Cyclosporin A‐side effects were mild. Infections occurred in 11.1 %. Growth retardation in prepu‐bertal children improved by 0.74 standard deviations of normal height, and in pubertal children by 0.51. We conclude that cyclosporin A treatment in children enables excellent long term graft survival rates with improved growth rehabilitation, however, the prevention of the cyclosporin associated nephrotoxicity and hypertension remains the major pr

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11526.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We have investigated 65 children with isolated hematuria persisting for at least a year. Renal biopsy specimens were studied by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunofluorescence with antisera specific against basement membrane components. The majority of the biopsies (62/65) showed variable histologic abnormalities. Four categories could be distinguished on combined histological and clinical criteria: Alport syndrome (n=8), benign hematuria (n=33, familial in 23), IgA nephropathy (n = 16) and increase in mesangial cells and matrix (n=5). On the basis of our results, we suggest that a renal biopsy can establish diagnosis and prognosis in those children with isolated hematuria where the family history is negative. If the family has adult male individuals with isolated hematuria, a biopsy can usually be avoided, since this family history effectively excludes Alport syndrome. The use of antisera against basement membrane components did not allow a differentiation between Alport syndrome and benign hematuria. Goodpasture serum immunofluorescence was variable in the former and normally present in the latter.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11527.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Ten children, age 1 1/2 to 14 years, had bilateral nephrocalcinosis and hypercalciuria, but normal serum calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) concentrations. Patients with hypercalciuria were divided into absorptive (n=4) and renal (n=6) subgroups, and in the latter four patients had a primary Ca‐leak and two had a P‐leak. All the children had received intermittent high dose vitamin D prophylaxis during infancy. At the time of investigation all had normal serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, yet all but one had elevated values of 1, 25‐(OH)2D. Although the hypercalciuria was indistinguishable from the various known forms of idiopathic hypercalciuria, the previous clinical course and the pattern of bone mineral homeostasis suggest that both clinical features, namely nephrocalcinosis and hypercalciuria were related to vitamin D toxicity through various pathogenetic p

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11528.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY