ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12737.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relation between the yellow color of the skin, as read by the Minolta jaundice meter, and total bilirubin concentration, was compared in two groups of newborn infants suspected of having hyperbilirubinemia, but otherwise well. The study group comprised 73 neonates, icteric at the time of discharge from the nursery, and who were seen in the outpatient clinic at 5 to 14 days of age for checkup and blood sampling. The control group consisted of 52 neonates tested for hyperbilirubinemia at 1 to 4 days of age. Additionally, the relation between skin color and conjugated plasma bilirubin concentration was investigated in the study group. No significant differences in meter response to total bilirubin concentration was found between the two groups. The conjugated bilirubin concentration correlated significantly to the yellow skin color. The jaundice meter can be used as a test for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates at 5 to 14 days of age.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to identify children with fatal outcome in a neonatal intensive care unit in which only outborns are admitted, a retrospective study over a 10‐year period was undertaken. The study was limited to respiratory disorders. The aim of the study was to identify lethal risk factors and thereby the need for improving therapeutic tools. Diagnoses, perinatal history, ventilator settings, blood gases, medical treatment, X‐ray findings, head ultrasounds, echocardiograms, laboratory tests, surgical procedures and autopsy findings were evaluated. Severe respiratory insufficiency requiring mechanical ventilation was found in 777 patients and of these babies, 207 (27%) died while still on the ventilator. Fifty‐eight patients were excluded for various reasons and thus 149 patients were included in the study. It is concluded that the mortality rate from respiratory insufficiency in the material studied was consistently high over the 10‐year period. New therapeutic modalities, one of which is ECMO, are offered nowadays in clinical practice and may improve mortality and morbidit

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12739.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We examined the relationship between bone mineralization, measured by single photon absorptio‐metry, and blood phosphate and alkaline phosphatase concentration in 71 preterm neonates. Although both alkaline phosphatase and phosphate concentrations were significantly related to bone mineral content, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were related to bone mineral content relative to weight, each could only explain a small amount of the variation in bone mineralization. Hence, concentrations of neither could be used to identify those neonates with the greatest bone mineral deficit

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12740.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12741.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a prospective randomized study, the urine pH of 170 premature and small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) newborns was routinely screened to detect patients with spontaneously developing maximum renal acid stimulation, an obligatory early stage in the development of late metabolic acidosis. Nitrogen assimilation was evaluated from the ratio of urinary nitrogen excretion and intake. Forty‐two premature infants and 10 SGA prematures and newborns after intensive care therapy with body weights greater than 1.5 kg and 25 prematures (including 7 SGA infants) with body weights less than 1.5 kg, spontaneously showed urine pH values below 5.4 on two consecutive days, suggesting maximum renal acid stimulation. These patients were randomly given either oral alkali therapy with sodium bicarbonate 2 mmol/kg/day or no therapy for a period of seven days. In both groups, urine pH was controlled daily. Patients in the control group without alkali therapy and with urine pH values less than 5.4 for seven days showed a significant decrease in weight gain and a tendency to decreased nitrogen assimilation. We assume that a regular check of urine pH in low‐birth‐weight infants is a useful non‐invasive method of detecting patients in the early stages of development of late metabolic acidosis, i.e. in the stage of “incipient late metabolic acidosis”. This would procide the possibility of starting early effective therapy and thereby reduce the mean duration of admission to neonatal wards. Regarding the risk of a high renal acid load causing the development of late metabolic acidosis in very low‐birth‐weight infants, standard formulas for premature infants should be re‐evaluated with the aim of reducing renal acid load leaving a larger renal surplus capacity f

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12742.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Systolic blood pressure was measured in 36 infants with median gestational age of 29 weeks (range 24–35 weeks) and birth weight of 1160 g (range 642–1500 g). Measurements were made at 1, 6 and 12 weeks, and subsequently at 12‐weekly intervals during the first year of life. No infant developed chronic lung disease. Systolic blood pressure increased over the first 24 weeks (p<0.001) to a mean value of 95 mmHg, but did not change significantly over the next 24 weeks. These data provide a reference range of blood pressure levels during the first year of life for infants born at an early gestationa

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12743.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Citrobacter diversusis a cause of severe meningitis in neonates and infants. It is unique in its propensity to produce brain abscesses that play an important role in the poor prognosis associated with this condition. The recommended therapeutic regimen of third‐generation cephalosporines, aminoglyco‐sides and trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole is usually disappointing. We describe the use of imipenem‐cilastatin in successfully treatingCitrobacter diversusmeningitis complicated by brain ab

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bannister, C. M.&Tew, B.Current Concepts in Spina Bidfida and Hydrocephalus. London: MacKeith Press, 1991.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12745.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Early diagnosis of neonatal septicemia is a vexing problem because of its non‐specific clinical picture. Many of the neonates with septicemia reaching a referral centre have already been exposed to antibiotics and their blood cultures are often sterile. Scarcity of studies evaluating acridine orange‐stained buffy coat smears in detecting neonatal septicemia after administration of antibiotics prompted us to undertake this study. The population studied consisted of 34 cases of neonatal septicemia with positive blood cultures and/or positive buffy coat smears (of these 25 had a positive blood culture) and 25 neonates with a clinical course not suggestive of any infection. Venous blood was drawn for culture, preparation of buffy coat smears, blood counts and micro ESR. The culture and smears were repeated after administration of antibiotics for 48–72 h. Acridine orange stain was the most sensitive test and was significantly more sensitive than Gram's stain (p<0.005). After the administration of antibiotics, acridine orange was significantly more sensitive than Gram's stain and blood culture (p<

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12746.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY