摘要:

It is Almost a part of our culture to organize an association whenever we are faced with a problem or objective. The myriad of environmental groups that have sprung up in recent years are an example of this tendency. The association makes sense; it can concentrate resources on specific problems, improve communications, eliminate duplication of effort and present the views of like‐minded individuals with a voice much greater than the sum of its parts. But does it? There are so many individual associations that many of the benefits that could be derived from them are negated by their blundering across each other's paths. With science and scientists held in general disrepute by the public it is important to avoid apparent conflicts and waste of our resources and to build as many pillars of strength as possible. Strong scientific societies that are able to act in harmony can be one such pilla

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00003

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Historiography of the geophysical sciences is far from developed. This is due in part to the relatively small number of historians of science and to the growth rate of science itself. There are perhaps only several dozen persons today whose professional interests touch on the history of geophysics, or the earth sciences, expeditions and exploration, and the historical connections of these fields with other areas of scientific activity. These persons study a world scientific literature that has been growing since the late seventeenth century at a rate that has produced a doubling about every 10 to 15 years. Within the history of science, the literature of the geophysical sciences has simply not received the degree of attention given some other areas, such as the ‘Scientific Revolution’ of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and the paucity of secondary materials concerning the history of geophysics reflects this. It may therefore come as no surprise to discover that at present there is no real consensus within the profession as to the major problems in the history of the geophysical sciences in their historical relationships to general physics and ther other physical scien

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00004

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

At its Fifteenth General Assembly, held in Istanbul, Turkey, September 23–26, 1974, the International Council of Scientific Unions adopted sixteen resolutions and recommendations, including those quoted below.“The Fifteenth General Assembly ”Considering(l) the progress made in the field on lunar and planetary research by scientists of different disciplines and (2) the desirability to avoid duplication of scientific activities and meetings of the various bodies of ICSU in this field,Recommendsthat (1) the IUCM be dissolved in September 1975 and (2) an ad hoc committee be formed of representatives of IAU, IUGG, IUGS, URSI, IUCr, and COSPAR to discuss the formation of an interunion commission for the moon and planets and define its terms of reference, to be submitted for approval at the 1975 meeting of the General Comm

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00008

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To celebrate 300 years of scientific hydrology, nearly 400 engineers and scientists from 82 countries attended the Tercentenary of Scientific Hydrology and associated international symposia held at Unesco House in Paris, France, from September 9 to 12, 1974. The celebration was sponsored by Unesco, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) within the framework of the International Hydrological Decade (IHD).During the period September 2–14 an International Conference on the Results of the IHD and on Future Programs in Hydrology also took place at Unesco, and the Bureau (executive board) of the IAHS held meetings to carry out its annual business. R.E. Oltman (Engineer Consultant, Falls Church, Virginia) and A.I. Johnson (U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia) were U.S. representatives at the IAHS Bureau meeting; Johnson also served as U.S. coordinator of the tercentenary and its symposi

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00009

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Energy from the tropical sun is stored in ocean water and is carried into the atmosphere as the water evaporates. As the water vapor condenses into clouds and liquid droplets freeze, the energy explodes in the form of weather—a solitary cumulus cloud over the sea or an extensive low‐pressure system sweeping up the eastern seaboard of the United States.On September 23, 1974, GATE—the Atlantic Tropical Experiment of the United Nations' Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP)—completed three months of the most intensive meteorological research ever undertaken. The project, sponsored by the World Meteorological Organization and the International Council of Scientific Unions, involved an area of tropical land and sea covering 20 million square miles and extending from the eastern Pacific Ocean, across Latin America, the Atlantic, and Africa, to the Western Indian Ocean. Seventy nations participated in the research aimed at better understanding the equatorial exchanges of energy and matter that ultimately control much of the world's

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00010

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The National Research Council has announced its Postdoctoral Research Associateship programs for 1975. These programs provide scientists and engineers with opportunities for postdoctoral research on problems in the fields of atmospheric and earth sciences, chemistry, engineering, environmental sciences, life sciences, mathematics, physics, and space sciences.NRC administers these programs on behalf of and in cooperation with certain federal research organizations with laboratories at more than 80 geographic locations in the United States. Appointments are awarded on a competitive basis and are open to recent recipients of the doctorate and in some cases to senior investigators. Some are open to citizens of other countries than the United States.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00011-01

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Secretary of the Interior Rogers C.B. Morton has announced the selection of 26 research projects to initiate the fiscal year 1975 water research program authorized under Title II of the Water Resources Research Act.The Title II program—administered by the Office of Water Research and Technology—provides for research grants, contracts, or other arrangements with educational institutions and with private firms and individuals for the conduct of research that seeks solutions to urgent water problems throughout the nat

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00012-01

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Eighth International Conference of the International Association on Water Pollution Research will be held in Sydney, Australia, August 22–27, 1976.The purpose of the conference is to highlight research trends over a wide range of water situations that are causing growing concern to nations around the worl

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00013-02

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The University of Thessaloniki has announced establishment of a Department of Geodetic Astronomy under the direction of L.N. Mavridis.The planned research program will include projects in terrestrial refraction, electromagnetic distance measurement, gravity and magnetic investigations in Greece, space distribution and motions of late‐type stars in the Milky Way, galactic Cepheids, and flare star

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00014-01

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO056i001p00016

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY