摘要:

Recent studies have provided compelling evidence that many large accumulations of silicic volcanic rocks erupted from long‐lasting, floored chambers of silicic magma that were repeatedly injected by basaltic magma. These basaltic infusions are commonly thought to play an important role in the evolution of the silicic systems: they have been proposed as a cause for explosive silicic eruptions [Sparks and Sigurdsson,1977], compositional variation in ash‐flow sheets [Smith,1979], mafic magmatic inclusions in silicic volcanic rocks [Bacon,1986], and mixing of mafic and silicic magmas [Anderson,1976;Eichelberger,1978]. If, as seems likely, floored silicic magma chambers have frequently been invaded by basalt, then plutonic bodies should provide records of these events. Although plutonic evidence for mixing and commingling of mafic and silicic magmas has been recognized for many years, it has been established only recently that some intrusive complex originated through multiple basaltic injections into floored chambers of silicic magma [e.g.,Wiebe,1974;Michael,1991;Chapman and Rhodes,19

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/93EO00161

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Current estimates of future global climate change rely on coupled models of the climate system. These models are both a measure of our level of understanding of coupled processes occurring in nature and of our ability to simulate the possible changes in these processes due to increased CO2and trace gases with computer models. Central to coupled models is air‐sea interaction, but processes involving the cryosphere, biosphere, atmospheric chemistry/radiation, and land surface are also intimately involved. Monitoring and analysis of observations are critical for understanding and interpreting results from the coupled model

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/93EO00160

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY