摘要:

In a few weeks the Twelfth General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) will open in Helsinki. Scientists from every continent will gather there for a variety of purposes but principally to hear the results of research, to exchange views, and to talk about new possibilities and future studies in geophysics. There will be geodesists, hydrologists, geomagneticians and agronomists, meteorologists, oceanographers, seismologists, volcanologists, geochemists, and others from specialized fields of chemistry, physics, and mathematics relating to geophysics. This will be the first General Assembly of IUGG since the close of the International Geophysical Year; also, the first since the successful launching of sputnik and the discoveries made possible by subsequent artificial satellites. There will be a wealth of new data, new conclusions, new theories, and new questions to discuss.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00001

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The scientific progress of man has often been identified with the improvement of his description and understanding of his environment, both on a macroscopic and microscopic scale. Thus some features of the Earth's crust, the oceans, and the atmosphere, have been described and discussed, but in the earth sciences there remains a considerable void in our perception and understanding of these regions. The present paper will be concerned with only one facet of this huge and fascinating complex, the Earth's geomagnetic field near the Earth and in the surrounding space. As in the case of the gravitational field measurements of this field were available until recently only near the Earth's surface.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00004

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) will hold its XIIth General Assembly in Helsinki, Finland, this summer from July 25 to August 6. The Union normally convenes a General Assembly every three years, the XIth having been held in Toronto, Canada, in September 1957. Many scientists of the United States were able to attend this meeting because of its nearness. All who did so will agree that this kind of gathering offers an unparalleled opportunity to meet with scientific colleagues from almost all parts of the world to discuss problems of common interest.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00022

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Man's changing the weather primarily means doing something about clouds and precipitation. Some first questions to be asked then are: How do clouds form? How do they grow and dissipate? What is the precipitation mechanism and how is it triggered by nature? And what are the natural controls on cloud systems and severe storms? The answers to these questions and many more should be known quite well before man can seriously contemplate wide‐scale weather‐modification experiments. In fact, the answers to the above questions are almost completely unknown and yet man has been attempting weather modification down through the centuries in his search for economic gains, adventure, knowledge, and po

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00026

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The primary purpose of this new book is just what the title implies; namely, to provide the student with information requisite for an understanding of rocks as seen in thin section. To this end, the text is subdivided into live major parts: The first of those (37 pages) deals in a brief but adequate manner with the methods of optical mineralogy. As the author points out, this section is not intended to replace standard texts, but rather to serve as a review, in which capacity it should prove very useful.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00035

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Badgley, Peter C., Structural Methods for the Exploration Geologist, Harper, New York, xv + 280 pp., 1959, $7.50.Booker, Henry G., An Approach to Electrical Science, McGraw‐Hill, xviii + 826 pp., 1959, $9.5

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00038

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the paper on the International Geophysical Year by Sydney Chapman, published in the June 1959 issue of theTransactions, pages 112–119, a correction is to be noted on page 115, In the right‐hand column, third line above IGY Organization, it speaks about an eastward subeurrent “with a speed of about 25 miles per hour.” This speed should be 25 miles per day.In the December 1959 issue of theTransactions, page 368, in the news note concerningFacilities Atop Mount Washington, the statement is made that Gorham Laboratories of Gorham, Maine, operates the Mount Washington Observatory. Wallace E. Howell, President of Mount Washington Observatory, calls attention to the fact that Mount Washington is, and for more than 25 years has been, a non‐profit scientific institution “operated by a Board of Trustees on which Dartmouth College, the University of New Hampshire, and the Appalachian Mountain Club are represented, as well as approximately 2000 members whose annual dues help support the work and publications of the Observatory.” He points out that the Observatory has always been interested in making its facilities available to persons and institutions wishing to use the unique situation of Mount Washington for geophysical work Inquiries concerning this should be sent to Dr. Howell at 35 Moon Hill Road, Lexington 73,

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00047

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The last report of the General Secretary is recorded in the minutes of the Executive Committee meeting of May 3, 1959, published in the September 1959 issue of the Transactions (pp. 240–245). There have been a great many changes in the Executive Committee as of July 1 owing to the elections of new officers. There have been no changes because of changes in the Chairmanships of the Divisions of the National Academy of Sciences.Since the last meeting of the Committee, three lists (6th, 7th, and 8th) of new members and two corporation members have been approved by the Executive Committee by mail ballot. A ninth list of proposed new members will soon be submitte

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00054

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Francis Birch, Sturgis‐Hooper Professor of Geology of Harvard University, has been named at the Executive Committee meeting on November 14, 1959, as the Twenty‐Second William Bowie Medalist in recognition of his outstanding work in many phases of geophysics. The award will be made at the time of the Forty‐First Annual Meeting of AGU in Washington, D. C., next April.Last‐minute attention is called to the previous announcements in the Transactions concerning the Forty‐First Annual Meeting to be held in Washington, D. C., April 27–30, 1960. Note that earlier calls to this meeting indicated the beginning date as April 28, but it now appears that sessions in general will begin on Wednesday, the 27th. Two programs definitely planned to start on the 27th are: (1) the program on Solar Upper Atmosphere Relations, which will be part of the National Academy of Sciences program, held jointly with the IGY group, and (2) the sessions in Meteorology, being held jointly with the American Meteorological Society. Because of the magnitude of the meeting in prospect, it appears that other programs will also be held on the 27th. It is anticipated that programs will be mailed to all members abo

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00073

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To an observer at the IGY Amundsen‐Scott South Pole Station, the polar plateau appears flat and unbroken as far as the eye can see in all directions. The sun is above the horizon continuously for six months, and the snow‐surface temperature remains below 0°C throughout the year. All of these factors make the geographic South Pole a most suitable place to measure the solar and terrestrial radiation fluxes, and associated energy exchanges, peculiar to a high‐altitude (9280 feet above, mean sea level), high‐latitude snowfield. The first such observations at the South Pole were made during the IGY. This report presents preliminary results of these

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i001p00075

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY