摘要:

Smedslund, J. Meanings, implications and universals: towards a psychology of man.Scand. J. Psychof., 1969,10, 1–15.‐S‐R psychology ignores the nonlawful regions between stimulus and meaning, and between intention and response. Psychology is defined: the science of phenomena as they exist for the individual person. The data in psychology: the public meanings of a person's acts, i.e. the meanings shared by all members of the person's community. Mental processes are related by implication rather than causation. Logic is a precondition for efficient mental functioning. Concepts with purely logical connotations (universals) are necessary for all higher mental functioning. No general psychological theory can perhaps exist, only development of already existing a priori conceptual schemata (common sense) and of diagnostic techn

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bergström, S. R. Amount of induced avoidance behaviour to light in the Protozoa Tetrahymena as a function of time after training and cell fission.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 16–20.—Two cultures of Tetrahymena, dividing synchronously after exposure to an alternating heat treatment, were exposed to series of light and electric shocks paired. After 20 and 30 exposures resp. to the stimulus combination, samples of these cultures were drawn every 18 min and placed in a partially lighted chamber. In samples drawn shortly after training, an essentially smaller proportion was found in the light, in comparison with control samples, which had received either shocks or light or neither of the two stimuli. In later samples, this proportion increased until it approached level of control samples. The course of the increase was not influenced by intervening synchronous cell divi

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Berglund, B., Berglund, U., Ekman, G.&Frankenhaeuser, M. The influence of auditory stimulus intensity on apparent duration.Scand J. Psychol., 1969,1021–26.— apparent duration of an auditory signal of 1000 C/S was measured by the method of magnitude estimation. Ten different stimulus intensities ranging from 57 to 104 dB were used in combination with three different durations: 50, 250, and 500 msec. The results showed that the apparent duration of the signal grew as a logarithmic function of stimulus intensity. These results are consistent with the hypothesis relating apparent duration to activation level as well as with results of similar experiments involving electrical and vibrotactile stimulat

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Künnapas, T. Figural reversal rate and personal tempo.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 27–32.—Thirty subjects participated in a figural fluctuation experiment. The same subjects were given five perceptual tests representing personal tempo. Coefficients of correlation between figural reversal rate and personal tempo were generally positive but low. Three main factors were found to account for the variability of perceptual activity: (a) perceptual fluency, (b) decision speed, and (c) immediate perceptual me

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Kuusinen, J. Factorial invariance of personality ratings.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 33–44—Three studies employing the same set of 33 personality rating scales are described. (I) Five factor structures of the scales, derived from ratings of five groups of stimuli, were compared. (2) One subject rated different personality concepts three times at one week's intervals. (3) 12 individual factor structures were compared to the factor structure computed from peer ratings of a group of 39 subjects. Results: (a) the factor structure of the scales was largely independent of stimuli, (b) the structure for an individual was stable, (c) the group structure represented the individual's structure, (d) differences between group and the individual structure and between individuals were negligi

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Kolehmainen, K.&Tuomisaari, R. The locus of visual after‐images.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 45–48.—Three bright spots of light aligned horizontally were presented, so that the distances between them were equal. Two adjacent lights were flashed on simultaneously and the third one somewhat later. The subjects reported the distance between the midmost light and the light which appeared later to be longer than the distance between the simultaneous lights (the ‘tau‐effect’). As to the after‐images, however, the intervening distances were judged equal. The results are, accordingly, suggestive of a peripheral basis of the

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Niemelá, P. Electrodermal responses as a function of quantified threat.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 19–56.—Threat was quantified by means of a 20 sec anticipation condition where the subject knew the exact time for the expected shock in advance, as well as the exact probability of receiving a shock. The probabilities used where 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00. The electrodermal responses (the amplitude of the skin resistance response, the amplitude of the skin potential response, and the number of electrodermal responses) during the anticipation period were found to vary systematically as functions of the probability of shock, and as functions of the time elapsed from the beginning of the experi

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Micko, H. C.&Lehmann, G. Two least‐squares solutions for Ekman's method of direct multidimensional ratio scaling.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 57–60.‐Two least‐squares procedures are given for estimating scalar products of percept vectors from Ekman‐type multidimensional ratio sca

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Stabell, B. Transition from rod to cone vision. I. Simultaneous contrast.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 61–64.—Above the specific threshold, color quality depended on the test filter, while at lower intensities the same color was observed irrespectively of the test filter used, confirming the assumption that colors within the photochromatic interval are triggered by rod activity. The lawful relation between rise of specific threshold and increase of rod sensitivity was not found under the condition of simultaneous contr

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bonnet, C.&Kolehmainen, K. Prediction of the future position of a moving object.Scand. J. Psychol., 1969,10, 6570.—Hypothesis: prediction of the reappearence of a moving object involves some kind of estimation of space, velocity, and time. Results: the performance depends on the relative ease of utilisation of those cues when all are available in the situation. Conclusion: no general rule can be applied to all situations, because different strategies are used in different situations. The parameter which carries most weight in any given situation is determined by the ease with which the relevant information can be extracted from that parameter, relative to the other tw

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY