摘要:

A model for functional learning with a subjective regression which intervenes between stimuli and predictive responses was used. The subject had to predict motion time of a ball rolling down a chute. The estimation experiments showed that (1) the relation between predicted and objective time, is biased in the direction oftpred=t2, (2) training does not increase the veridicality. In the categorization experiments (1) learning occurred more rapidly with homogeneous categories, (2) transfer was facilitated after training on heterogeneous categories, (3) learning occurred without reinforcement by observation. In a choice experiment two simultaneous processes were studied, functional and probability learning.

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The retention of memorized pitches was tested repeatedly by systematically changing pitches being interpolated between the successive reproduction tests. The reproductions changed regularly in the direction of the interpolated stimuli. The relationship between the reproduction scores and the cps‐means of the interpolated pitch‐series could be described fairly accurately by power functions. Some connections between the present results and the results of previous experiments on memory and scaling are discus

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The direct methods of ratio estimation and magnitude estimation and the indirect method of pair comparison were used to construct scales of liberalism and conservatism. It was found (a) that the scales of conservatism are linearly related to each other and (b) those of liberalism are also linearly related to each other but with a discontinuity in the middle of the range; one linear function for the conservative statements and another for the liberal statements, with the discontinuity occurring in the middle of the subjective scale. Liberalismvs.conservatism was found to be reverse. The linear function between all kinds of scales as well as the reverse relation between liberalismvs.conservatism suggest that the continuum of political preferences is metathetic.

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An experiment of paired comparisons of nine lotteries is reported. Ratings were also made of apparent magnitude of difference in each pair. Conventional techniques as well as the author's correlational scaling method were applied on paired comparisons data. Ratings were analyzed according to successive intervals scaling. Non‐linear relations between scales were found. Dispersion terms from correlational scaling covary with those from the analysis of rating

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a repetition of D. N. Jackson's experiment (1954) only half of 32 subjects reported previously rewarded profiles more often than punished ones. Post‐experimental interviews suggest that the effect may depend upon whether or not the subject grasps the purpose of the experiment. Another alternative to the original interpretation, based on the concept of ‘autism.’, is that rewarded profiles are reported more frequently because they are learned better than the punished profiles. A second experiment supports the assumption that the one profile of a reversible pair which is learned most completely is also the one reported most frequently in the post‐training series. The appropriateness of the experimental design for the study of figure‐ground perception is q

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The observance of color within the photochromatic interval has been shown to be possible. By pre‐stimulating the subjects in a dark‐adapted state, using Kodak Wratten Color Filters No. 70 (red), No. 73 (yellow) or No. 74 (green), and test‐stimulating 30 sec. later with yellow, green, or blue filters at levels of intensity between the specific and absolute thresholds for these filters, it was found that they observed a blue or violet

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The subjects (all females) were instructed to hold a certain note. In some of the trials an alien (female) voice with a continuously falling or rising frequency unexpectedly replaced the subject's own voice as the auditory stimulus in her headphone. Most of the subjects took the alien voice as their own and experienced a complete lack of volitional control over their own voice. A compensatory behaviour was found; when the subjects tried to hold the note the frequency of their voices went in the opposite direction to the frequency of the alien voice.

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY