摘要:

Schioldborg, P. Attention and information storage in visual short‐term memory.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 1–3.‐ Information retrieval from STM was examined with Sperling's (1960) method. Of nine letters displayed in rows of three, the number of letters correctly reported from each row differed significantly, the mean being 2.4, 2.2, and 1.6 letters for the middle, upper, and lower row, respectively. By increasing exposure time, number of correctly reported letters increased for each row at equal rate. However, by increasing the delay period of the selection signal, number of letters decreased at different rates, the reduction being 48%, 24%, and 10% for the lower, upper, and middle row respectively. The results are assumed to reflect differences in the initial attention level for the individual item; the smaller this level, the lower the level of information processing and the faster the erasure fro

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

FlekkØy, K., Holme, I.&Mohn, E. Relation of number of different responses to group size and stimulus words in a discrete free‐association situation.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 4–8.‐An exploration of the total number(D)of different responses given to a stimulus word in a single‐word, free‐association situation showed that (1) the first 50 Kent‐Rosanoff words (in Norwegian) were highly heterogeneous with regard toD;(2) was an asymptotic function of the number of subjects; and (3) the largerDfor schizophrenics may be attributed to their higher frequency of individual responses. It was also indicated thatDmay not be a valid measure of the magnitude of the associative potential of th

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Blakar, R. M. Unrepresentativeness of studies on memory of verbal material.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 9–11. ‐The dominant traditions in studying memory of verbal material are criticized for lack of representativeness in that the stimulus material is particularistic, “meaningless” or presented out of relevant contexts, and presented more than once. When 27 letters were arranged in three lists of nine trigrams as (1) nonsense syllables, (2) common Norwegian words, and (3) a meaningful sentence of these words, and presented once in this order to seven subjects, mean number of letters recalled was 10, 23, and 27, respectively, indicating that the traditional and still dominant methods of research strip memory of one of its most effective means: the rules for grasping and organizing

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Stabell, B.&Stabell, U. Chromatic rod vision. VII. Intensity of pre‐stimulation varied.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 12–15.‐Change in scotopic hue with variation of intensity of pre‐stimulation was predicted on the basis of Hering's opponent theory of color, but the experimental results could not be adequately explained within the framework of the

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Stabell, U.&Stabell, B. Chromatic rod vision. VIII. Simultaneous contrast.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 1619.‐Compared with the curve of additive opponent hue, the curve of scotopic hue of simultaneous contrast was found to be displaced toward blue in the orange and green‐yellow regions of inducing field. The results are explained on the assumptions that(a)change of disposition for scotopic hue reflects variation in ratio of primary hue‐related processes of inducing field, and(b)the chromatic‐related opponent processes, in a dark‐adapted and chromatically neutral eye, are of equal magnitude within the photochromatic

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Johansson, G. Frankenhaeuser, M.&Magnusson, D. Catecholamine output in school children as related to performance and adjustment.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 20–28.‐Excretion of two catecholamines, adrenaline and noradrenaline, was studied in a group of 240 children, sampled from a longitudinal study, during a “passive” period (viewing a film) and a subsequent “active” period (performing an arithmetic test). In the group of boys the mean adrenaline excretion increased significantly during the active as compared with the passive period. Among the children of both sexes, those who increased their adrenaline output during the arithmetic test as compared with the preceding passive period, performed better on the test in terms of speed and endurance, than did children who did not respond to mental work by adrenaline increase. Significant positive correlations were found between the secretion of both catecholamines and teachers' ratings indicating good social adjustment and emotional stability, as well as with measures of the pupils' subjective satisfaction with their school

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lundberg, U.&Ekman, G. Individual functions of subjective time distance and emotional reaction.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 29–33.‐Data from a previous study ere analysed on an individual level. It was found that a simple power function could describe the relation between subjective and objective time, while an exponential function fitted the data for the relation between emotional reaction and subjective time distance. The same simple alternative functions also described the group data in the previous st

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Smith, G. J. W.&Ruuth, E. Effects of extraneous stimulation on visual afterimage serials produced by young schizophrenics.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 34–38.‐ Two groups of young schizophrenics, 20 in each, produced afterimages (Als) of a schematic face in 20 consecutive trials. In one group an acoustic signal was administered at the 8th, 12th and 16th trials. The signal effect in a previous experiment implied that the ongoing adaptive trend was disrupted by a return to the trend characterizing the before‐signal portion of the sequence. This result was cross‐validated, with particular emphasis put on the regressive characteristics shown by schizophrenics. However, the present schizophrenic subjects seemed to be more resistant to the contraction and eventual mechanization of their adaptive processes being the usual consequence of it

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lindahl, Maj‐Britt. Knowledge and choice of strategy in a complex learning task.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 39–43.‐Correlations between relevant knowledge as documented in matriculation marks and adopted strategy in a problem solving/concept learning task were found to be conditional upon task variables (164 subjects). The conditionality implied that a perceptually loaded strategy was preferred to a conceptually or knowledge loaded one as long as there existed in the task easily discriminable, recurring environmental contingencies of a type that it presupposed. The phenomenon was integrated into a pretheoretical description of the learning process, where knowledge was thought to affect (1) the individual's formulation of the problem to himself, and (2) his attempts at solution‐more the more these involved a search of missing informative elements in his conceptual rather than in his perceptua

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Brehmer, B.&Kostron, L. Policy conflict and policy change as a function of task characteristics. I. The effects of cue validity and function form.Scand. J. Psychol.,1973, 14, 44–55.‐Policy conflict and policy change in the “lens model” interpersonal conflict paradigm were studied as a function of the distribution of cue validities in a two‐cue task with one linear and one nonlinear cue. Agreement was higher in the conditions where the linear cue was more valid than the nonlinear cue than in the conditions where the nonlinear cue was more valid than the linear cue. This was primarily due to the fact that the subjects' policies were more consistent in predominantly linear conditions. The amount of policy change in the various conditions suggested that the subjects' behavior was the result of a compromise between conflict reduction and task a

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1973.tb00090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY