ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjectives:This investigation examined current practices of brushing, flossing, and periodic dental visits and their association with periodontal health status.Methods: Data were collected using face‐to‐face interviews and 40‐minute in‐home dental examinations with a probability sample of adults 18 years of age or older, having at least one tooth, and living in housing units in the Detroit tricounty area. Complete examinations were performed on 319 individuals.Results: On average, subjects reported brushing their teeth about twice a day. About one‐third of the population reported flossing at least once a day. Loss of periodontal attachment was related to frequency of brushing while subjects who exhibited acceptable flossing ability had less plaque and calculus, shallower pocket depths, and less attachment loss. Subjects reporting a periodic dental visit at least once a year had less plaque, gingivitis, and calculus than subjects reporting less frequent visits. In regression analyses, brushing thoroughness, flossing ability and frequency, and dental visit frequency were predictors of lower plaque, gingivitis, and calculus scores. In turn, these scores were predictors of shallower pocket depths and less attachment loss.Conclusions: Brushing, flossing, and periodic dental visits were correlated with better periodontal health. The behaviors appeared to be indirectly related to pocket depth and attachment loss through their associations with plaque, gingivitis, and calcul

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjectives:This study describes a method for studying the perceived persuasiveness of rationales for adopting preventive health behaviors.Methods: Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model, we surveyed 156 individuals as to the level of persuasiveness that each of several categories of reason presented in adopting target “prevention” behaviors such as eliminating the use of smokeless tobacco or seeking regular dental care.Results: Significant differences between what the public reported as persuasive reasons and those selected by future dental practitioners were found. Patients saw potential cost savings, elimination of future pain, and being told by an authority person to adopt a behavior as highly persuasive reasons to adopt a target behavior. Nonwhite patients gave significantly higher scores than did white patients to arguments centering on social/aesthetic appeal. On the negative side, episodic care seekers felt significantly more strongly than regular care seekers that their practicing dental prevention activities (e.g., regular checkups, brushing, and flossing) benefited someone other than themselves (dental profession and dental manufacturers).Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that one way to improve persuasive public health preventive messages is to consider whether the fundamental arguments on which preventive health campaigns are built have broad patient app

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of personality traits and stress with gingival inflammation and with soft‐tissue oral pathology.Methods: Personality traits of psychoticism (P), extroversion and introversion (E), and neuroticism (N) were measured with Eysenck's personality questionnaire (EPO). Stress was measured with a modified organizational and individual assessment survey (OIAS) developed by Hendrix. Military recruits from Ft. Leonard Wood, Missouri, were examined for soft‐tissue oral pathology and gingival status at weeks one(n=241) and six(n=61) of basic combat training (BCT). The EPQ and OIAS were administered to 217 recruits during week six of BCT. A discriminant analysis was used to determine correlations among study variables.Results: Significant correlations(P<.05) were found between personality traits and various measures of tolerance of stress. Little variance was found between groups originally presenting with or without disease. Only physical stress(P<.005) was shown to affect soft‐tissue pathology, while gingival inflammation correlated significantly to E scores(P<.02), tolerance to change(P<.02), and anxiety(P<.05).Conclusions: Data support a possible relationship among certain personality traits, stress variables, and gingival inflammation or soft‐tissue pathology in recruits with extreme personality characteristics or perception of high physical stress levels in basic combat t

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe homeless are a diverse group who present the dental profession with a number of difficult challenges in the delivery of oral health services. Utilization of dental services by the homeless is low when provided in traditional settings and access is limited. The purpose of this case study is to review program planning issues focusing on the unique aspects of establishing dental programs for the shelter‐based homeless. This paper is based on experiences in developing a dental program for homeless persons in Boston. The establishment of a portable dental program in 1988 for persons residing in shelters in the greater Boston area involved many administrative and clinical considerations. These factors included determination of needs and barriers to dental care, resource identification and development, program planning and implementation, evaluation, and the development of constituency support. The diversity of the homeless population in combination with the variation of space and medical resources at different shelter sites dictates flexibility in the development of programs to address the oral health needs of the homeles

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjectives: Information about the oral health status of the homeless is limited. The purpose of this study is to characterize the dental caries status among users of a dental treatment and referral program at homeless shelters in Boston, MA.Methods: Persons attending the program during a one‐year period were assessed for evidence of dental caries experience by a single examiner. DMFT counts were abstracted from patient records.Results: The population examined(n=73)was 66 percent male with a mean age of 36 years. The racial composition was 51 percent African‐American, 34 percent Caucasian, and 14 percent Hispanic. The 70 dentate people examined had a mean DFT of 11.1 (SD=6.1). The mean percent of DFT that was DT per person was 55.7 percent. Untreated caries was detected in 91.4 percent of those examined.Conclusions: These findings show evidence of previous dental services utilization by these homeless individuals, but demonstrate a high need for preventive and restorative dental ther

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractJanuary 25, 1995, is the 50th anniversary of the first controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply. Those 50 years have seen extraordinary advances in oral health and consequent quality of life, for which fluoride use is generally considered the primary reason. More extensive exposure to fluoride in the modern era, however, has led to both a continuing decline in caries experience and an increased prevalence of dental fluorosis in children. At the other end of life, fluoride's role in bone strength among older people is not well defined. This symposium examines several aspects of fluoride use in the United States today, and has the purpose of helping to define the balance between maximizing the benefits of fluoride while minimizing its undesirable side effects.

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWide variations in fluoride intake among children make estimating fluoride intake difficult. This paper discusses the various sources of fluoride intake among children, beginning with a review of the fluoride concentrations of water and other beverages, foods, and therapeutic fluoride products. A review of previous studies' estimates of fluoride intake from diet, dentifrice, fluoride supplements, fluoride mouthrinses, and gels, as well as total fluoride intake also is presented. Then, estimates of fluoride intake among young children of different age groups are summarized, and examples demonstrating the high level of variability of fluoride intake, both from individual sources and in total, are presented. Lastly, this paper discusses the implications of our current level of knowledge of children's fluoride intake, and presents recommendations for the use of fluoride for children in light of this current knowledge. The major recommendations are that: (1) the fluoride content of foods and beverages, particularly infant formulas and water used in their reconstitution, should continue to be monitored closely in an effort to limit excessive fluoride intake; (2) ingestion of fluoride from dentifrice by young children should be controlled, and the use of only small quantities of dentifrice by young children should be emphasized; and (3) dietary fluoride supplements should be considered a targeted preventive regimen only for those children at higher risk for dental caries and with low levels of ingested fluoride from other sources.

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY