ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03546.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03547.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was threefold: (1) to report the proportion of dental practitioners adhering to the 1987 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) procedures for using infection control techniques (ICTs); (2) to identify attitudes toward infection control and disease; and (3) to establish whether certain practitioner characteristics or use of certain ICTs were related to willingness to treat HIV‐positive patients, willingness to volunteer for an HIV specialty clinic outside of regular practice, vaccination against hepatitis B, and a felt need for a specialty clinic within the practice to treat HIV patients effectively. A survey of approximately 3,800 members of a major metropolitan dental society found that 89 percent of respondents regularly used at least one CDC ICTbeyond routine medical histories. Ninety‐one percent indicated a moderate to extreme change in attitude toward the risks of infectious diseases and the regular use of ICTs (80.2% identified AIDS as the major factor in this change). Twenty‐seven percent indicated that they would knowingly treat HIV‐positive patients. No differences were found among practitioners willing to treat HIV‐infected patients and those unwilling to treat these patients in terms of adherence to the CDC ICT recommendations for dentists. Statistical association between ICT use and other practitioner response variables are

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03549.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article presents five‐year interim findings of an eight‐year clinical trial designed to compare the relative caries‐preventive benefits of weekly fluoride mouthrinsing, daily fluoride tablet administration, and both procedures combined. Children in kindergarten and first grade residing in Springfield, Ohio, a non fluoridated community, were assigned randomly in school to one of three groups that (1) rinses once a week in school with a 0.2 percent neutral NaF solution; (2) chews, rinses with, and then swallows daily in school a neutral 2.2 mg NaF tablet; or (3) carries out both procedures. At baseline (1981), 1,640 participants were examined clinically using the DMF surface index. After five years, 789 children were available for reexamination. Findings show that subjects in the combination group experienced a mean caries increment of 1.47 DMFS, 16.5 percent lower than the mean score of 1.76 DMFS for children in the tablet group and 31.3 percent lower than the 2.14 DMFS for those in the rinse group. Only the difference in incremental caries scores between the combined fluoride procedure and the fluoride rinse was statistically significant (P<.05). Despite the finding of an additive caries‐preventive benefit among children who followed the combined regimen, it would be premature to judge which procedure is best before results of the final examinations becom

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent trends in the prevalence of dental caries in children, as well as a possible increase in the prevalence of dental fluorosis, have prompted some researchers to suggest the reassessment of water fluoride concentration standards. Instead of reducing water fluoride concentrations, an alternative approach would be to limit the use of, or reduce the fluoride concentration of, dentifrices, mouthrinses, and supplements. Information about the use of these other sources of fluoride, however, is scarce. Using data from a 1987 survey of Michigan schoolchildren, exposure to selected fluoride sources as well as tooth brushing habits are described. Responses from questionnaires revealed that, overall, 98.5 percent of the children have used fluoride dentifrices, 27 percent have used topical fluoride rinses, 72.5 percent have had at least one exposure to professionally applied topical fluoride, and 27percent have used dietary fluoride supplements. Although the use of fluoride dietary supplements was appropriate for most children residing in fluoride‐deficient Cadillac, the percentages of children in the other communities who have ingested these supplements suggest that these products are being prescribed improperly. Given the almost universal use of fluoride dentifrices at an early age, it may be time to investigate the use of reduced fluoride dentifrices for children. In addition, continuing efforts to decrease inappropriate dietary fluoride supplementation are require

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article presents the results of a cross‐sectional analysis of the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease, as well as the use of dental services, among 395 low acculturated dentate Mexican‐Americans, 12–74 years of age, examined during the southwestern portion of the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES). Comparisons were carried out with 1,894 dentate Mexican‐Americans who had high acculturation status. Mexican‐American adolescents and adults with low acculturation status had 73 and 116 percent higher mean number of decayed and missing teeth, respectively, compared with those with high acculturation status. The differences between the two groups, however, did not remain statistically significant when the confounding effects of age, sex, education, and income status were taken into account. Gingivitis and periodontal pocketing were highly prevalent in both groups, but those with low acculturation status had significantly higher disease levels than those with high acculturation status. Despite the unmet dental needs and the higher prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease, Mexican‐Americans with low acculturation status were significantly less likely than those with high acculturation status to have dental insurance and to have visited the dentist as

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDentists have been used as examiners in caries prevalence examinations almost exclusively. Only rarely have dental hygienists been reported as examiners in these types of studies. This article describes the degree of agreement for prevalence data (DMFT, dmft) and specific caries prediction information collected by hygienist‐screeners and dentist‐examiners. A total of 5,233 first‐ and fifth‐grade children were screened by hygienist‐screeners using a tongue blade only and then examined by dentist‐examiners using an explorer and mirror. Agreement was analyzed in terms of percent agreement and the kappa statistic. The values for screener‐hygienist dentist‐examiner agreement were compared to interexaminer and interscreener reliability values. Means were also calculated for the caries indices. The results indicated good agreement for the caries indices between the screener‐hygienist and dentist‐examiner. Agreement for the prediction indices tended to be lower. The results suggest that hygienists can be used as examiners in caries

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1990.tb03555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY