ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThis article considers the potential value of two bodies of thought arising from work on animals in connection with rehabilitating abnormal behaviour. One deals with the processes of catch‐up and self‐regulation, and the other with optimal periods of learning in development. The ideas about self‐regulation are important because an individual with abnormal behaviour at one stage in development may cease to be abnormal of its own accord. The sensitive period concept in development has often been seen as being opposed to that of possible adult rehabilitation. Much of the animal evidence suggests that the opposition is

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSome characteristics of the information processing paradigm are discussed. Characteristics of fast process research are particularly emphasized. Fast process research deals with elementary information processes, called ‘mechanics’. These processes cannot be revealed by introspective methods, but only by chronometric studies. Attentional research has revealed automatic and controlled mechanics. Only the latter require attention resources for their execution. The functional state of the brain is thought to affect in particular the efficiency of controlled mechanics. Methods used in fast process research and cognitive psychophysiology could be helpful in deciding if behavioural disturbances result from limitations in the nature of the mechanics or in their efficie

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA linear model of information processing led to many experiments on learning difficulties in the subnormal and severely subnormal. It assumes learning can result from a break in the chain of information flow at any point but overlooks compensatory mechanisms common to a developing organism. To compensate for the model's difficulties, we compared blind and deaf children with subnormal and subnormal autistic children (i.e. localized with general cognitive incapacities). Absence of a modality led to alternative encoding strategies, but in certain circumstances they also occurred in the centrally handicapped. Reasons for the similarities and differences are discussed.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIn a memory search task with context recognition, three groups of children were examined: hyperactives, somewhat hyperactives and controls. It was found that the hyperactive groups differed from controls at the intercept of reaction time and not the slope. This was interpreted as evidence against a selective attention hypothesis in hyperactivity and evidence of either an ‘encoding’ or a response organization deficit.The unexpected slower and less accurate performance of somewhat hyperactives than those rated as hyperactives may have been due to the higher rating of variable task application in the former than in the lat

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA detailed analysis was made of the visuo‐motor behaviour of 139 pre‐school children during a spatial‐constructive task with and without time‐pressure. The study focused mainly on sex differences and the implications of minor neurological dysfunctions for children's visuo‐motor behaviour. Between sexes only minor differences in behavioural organization and efficiency were found. Between neurological groups only differences within the girls were found, those with lower neurological optimality scores showing more signs of ‘lack of motor inhibition’ and distraction in the prestress condition, seemingly related to differences in motivation. No effect was found for time‐pressure for groups with a different neur

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYMany children with signs of minor neurological dysfunction (MND) are unable to adapt precisely their movements to external goals, in particular when they are under time pressure. Pilot studies in our laboratories suggested that response times I in various sorts of tapping tasks were longer in such children than in controls with an optimal neurological status. In the present study an experimental tapping task, presented in ‘self‐paced mode’, is applied to explore further the relationships between response time and spatio‐temporal organization of movements in children with MND as compared to optimal controls.Differences were found with respect to inter‐response intervals as well as to the organization of the movements; children with MND have longer overall response J times than controls, more movement elements per tap and shorter first movement elements. Further, the moment of maximal acceleration comes later in the children with MND than in the controls. Such differences in response time and movement organization may be due to information processing limitations and increased attentional demands for the execution of movements in MND

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY