ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This review will consider some of the major issues in the classification of child and adolescent psychopathology. The central issue will be the value of classification systems in child and adolescent psychopathology research. Some comment will also be made on the value of the existing classifications in clinical practice.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This review summarises recent work on somatisation in childhood. Minor physiological dysfunction may play a part in a number of cases and associated psychiatric disorders are commonly though not universally found. Contributory family factors include high rates of health problems and of parental psychological distress and there is some evidence for the role of family modelling and reinforcement of illness behaviour. There is suggestive evidence linking somatisation to emotional closeness in families, to family togetherness around health matters and to anomalies in children's social relationships. Somatisation in children can respond to treatments involving cognitive–behavioural and family techniques as well as to sensitive, psychologically sound advice from paediatrician

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present report summarizes the epidemiologic research on childhood psychopathology that has been carried out in different cultural settings over the past 15 years from either an empirical or a diagnostic perspective. Prevalence and risk factor findings are summarized and contrasted. Some controversies surrounding cross–cultural research are discussed and methodological recommendations applicable to cross–cultural epidemiologic research are provi

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01379.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this paper, we consider the domain of executive functions (EFs) and their possible role in developmental psychopathologies. We first consider general theoretical and measurement issues involved in studying EFs and then review studies of EFs in four developmental psychopathologies: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder (CD), autism, and Tourette syndrome (TS).Our review reveals that EF deficits are consistently found in both ADHD and autism but not in CD (without ADHD) or in TS. Moreover, both the severity and profile of EF deficits appears to differ across ADHD and autism. Molar EF deficits are more severe in the latter than the former. In the few studies of more specific EF tasks, there are impairments in motor inhibition in ADHD but not in autism, whereas there are impairments in verbal working memory in autism but not ADHD. We close with a discussion of implications for future research.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Autism consitutes one of the best validated child psychiatric disorders. Empirical research has succeeded in delineating the key clinical phenomena, in demonstrating strong genetic influences on the underlying liability, and in identifying basic cognitive deficits. A range of neurobiological abnormalities has also been found, although the replicability of specific findings has not been high. An understanding of the causal processes leading to autism, and accounting for the marked variability in its manifestations, requires an integration across these different levels of enquiry. Although this is not yet possible, a partial integration provides a useful strategy for identifying key research questions, the limitations of existing hypotheses, and future research directions that are likely to prove fruitful. The research findings for each research level are critically reviewed in order to consider how to move towards an integration across levels.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY