摘要:

SUMMARYIn an automated free‐play T.V. game, normal and disturbed children were‐ allowed to select their preference for either the‐ natural T.V. soundtrack or a soundtrack progressively degraded by addition of regulated noise interference. The normal children decisively rejected the less intelligible soundtrack, hut the disturbed children listened to the less intelligible speech almost as much as to the natural soundtrack. The data suggest that non‐selective listening in the disturbed children indicates a primary dysfunction of receptive language organization, measurable by this technique in objective numerical terms. The discussion considers implications in terms of etiology, systematic evaluation, and further r

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01199.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo groups of boys made a series of 200 decisions in a non‐zero sum game called the Prisoners' Dilemma. The boys in the experimental group were selected from a children's home, and the control group from normal families; institutionalisation was the sole differential dimension.A stooge played three different pre‐determined strategies against the naive boys. The stooge either replicated, was more benevolent, or more malevolent, than the naive boy. The results showed an overall higher level of co‐operation in the “own home” boys as compared to the “institutionalised” boys, especially when the stooge played a benevolent strategy. Under all strategies, the “institutionalised” boys showed marked resistance to change from competitive to co‐operative choices. They were often unable to cope with a situation when there was a disagreement between the strategic context, and the individual choice of die partner. Also the “institutionalised” boys were less easily taken in than the “own home” boys by the seemingly co‐oper

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo experiments are reported to test the hypothesis that individuals who are considered persistently refractory by their teachers are generally inferior in the acquisition of avoidance behaviour. Brief electric shocks were administered for errors in a task in which adolescent subjects were required to over‐compensate for the effect of the Muller‐Lyer Illusion.In each experiment, refractory individuals received significantly more shocks. Receipt of this “punishment” is associated with reduction in their errors but the effects seemed relatively shortlived. This seemed analogous to their typical response to punishments or disciplinary procedures in everyday life. The implications of these tentative findings are briefly di

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA survey of the incidence of behaviour problems in a sample of children in their first year in the infant school was repeated after an interval of two years, when the children were in the final stages of their infant school careers. This paper examines the changes which had taken place over this period, in terms of overall incidence of behaviour problems, incidence in different types of catchment area, sex differences and the persistence and development of problem behaviour in individual cases.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThis paper outlines three principle features of the Kibbutz family which differentiate it from other patterns of modern family life. Changes in the status of the family during the historic development of the Kibbutz are described; they led to an evaluation of the family as a cornerstone of the Kibbutz. Recently, familistic tendencies, demanding greater power of decision‐making for the family, have evolved; their role in the future growth of the Kibbutz is discussed. Spheres of parental influence are characterized, as are parent‐child relations, with special emphasis on the causes for their relative smoothness during adolesce

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe introduction into child psychiatry of new methods of treatment, especially behaviour modification, drug medication and conjoint family therapy, calls for a re‐appraisal of traditional methods. Psychotherapy bawd on a psychoanalytic theoretical framework needs to be carefully combined with other approaches so that the needs of individual children and their families can lie met. Some examples of such combined therapy, which itself needs careful evaluation, arc given. Al the present time no appropriate training is available in the United Kingdom for psychotherapists (medical or non‐medical) who wish to gain expertise in a variety of approaches. It is suggested that this is an area which clinical psychologists, who up till recently have broadly contented themselves with a diagnostic role, might well wish to develop as part of their own professional discipl

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this articleAnnual Progress in Child Psychiatry and Child Development, Eds. StellaChessand AlexanderThomas. Bruuner/MazelKinetic Family Drawings (K‐F‐D): An Introduction to Understanding Children Through Kinetic Drawings. RobertC. Burnsand S. H. Kaufman.Actions, Styles and Symbols in Kinetic Family Drawings (K‐F‐D): An Interpretative Manual. RobertC. Burnsand S. H. Kaufman.Human Figure Drawing in Adolescence. MollieS. Schildkruut, I. R. Shenkerand M. Sonnenblick.Young Children and Their Drawings. JosephH. DiLeo.Depressive States in Childhood and Adolescence. Anna‐LisaAnnell(Ed.).Out of the Mouth of Babes. D. L. Olmsted.Small Group Psychotherapy. MaxwellJones, FrankMcpherson, DorothyStockWhitaker, J. D. Sutherland, HenryWalton, HeinzWolff, Ed. by HenryWalton.Principles of Child Psychotherapy. DonaldJ. Carek.The Child from 9‐13. Psychology and Psychopathology. 1st Edn. ReuvenKohen‐RazNon‐Verbal Communication. Ed. by R, A. Hinde.The Briefer Psychotherapies. LeonardSmall.Studies in Child Development: Caring for Children. Edited by M. L. KellwerPringle.Annual Progress in Child Psychiatry and Child Development. StellaChessand AlexanderThomas.Personality Differences and Biological Variations. A Study of Twins. GordonClaridoe, SandraCanterand W. I. Hume.The Effect of Possessing “Verbal Analyzers” upon Concept Learning in Mentally Retarded Ch

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1974.tb01206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY