ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe idea that difficult newborn behaviour reflects an inborn disposition was tested by comparing measures from different circumstances, occasions and observers. Correlations between researcher measures from separate settings and occasions were statistically significant but modest, indicating a “rudimentary” constitutional trait contribution to difficult newborn behaviour. Little evidence of a discrete subgroup of particularly difficult newborns was obtained. Maternal assessments were internally consistent but weakly explained by baby constitutional factors or nurses' reports. The importance of contextual and development variables is discussed. Alternative methodological strategies for studying constitutional and social‐developmental contributions to difficult behaviour are n

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study of blood lead levels and intelligence, reading, and behaviour problems was carried out using a sample of 579 Dunedin 11‐yr‐old children. The results suggested that when account was taken of social, environmental, and background factors, raised blood lead is associated with a small but statistically significant increase in children's general behaviour problems as reported by both parents and teachers. These results applied especially to the more specific problems of inattention and hyperactiv

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00687.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDanish longitudinal population data indicated there was a significant, though weak, relationship between teacher ratings of attention problems in males at ages 10–13 and their cumulative arrest frequency eight years later. However, the child's IQ and maternal reports of his father's problems controlling alcohol intake moderated this relationship; once the variance in antisocial behavior due to these factors was removed, childhood attention problems did not account for any additional variance. These results raise the concern that previous findings of a relationship between clinically diagnosed attention deficit disorder‐hyperactivity and later delinquency may be due in part to one or more third variab

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00688.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBannatyne's proposed “genetic dyslexic” subtype of reading disability (RD) was evaluated using data obtained from 60 (30 monozygotic and 30 dizygotic) pairs of affected twins (in which at least one member of each pair has a reading disorder) and 60 pairs of control twins. The predicted spatial>conceptual>sequential pattern of means was found to be reliable and specific to the RD sample. While this study does not provide conclusive evidence on the genetic etiology of the proposed subtype, our results do indicate that individuals with this particular profile may constitute a specific subtype of reading disabil

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00689.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDelinquent and nondelinquent girls were compared to examine the relationship between delinquency and masculine self‐concept. Ratings of self and ideal self were obtained to compute self‐ideal discrepancy indices on (a) stereotypically sex‐related traits and (b) traits which each subject selected as salient to making interpersonal judgements of women. Ratings were also made of best friend and mother to examine interpersonal as well as intra‐personal discrepancy indices. For stereotypic sex‐role traits, discrepancy indices for the three comparisons (self‐ideal, self‐mother, self‐best friend) revealed no differences between delinquents and nondelinquents. For personally selected traits, significant differences did appear for self‐mother and self‐best f

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00690.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProblems in psychiatric adjustment were found to be more common in children and adolescents with chronic renal failure (22 subjects on hospital haemodialysis and 22 with less severe renal failure) than in healthy matched controls. There was a trend towards more definite and marked psychological difficulties in patients with more severe renal condition. However, the less severely physically ill children tended to have increased difficulties in school adjustment and they reported more feelings of loneliness. The findings have implications on the management of children with chronic renal failure.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00691.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFour classes of emotionally disturbed (ED) children (20 boys and 6 girls, age:M= 8.1 yr) were exposed to six aggressive and six control cartoons. Treatment effects were assessed using direct observations of five categories of behavior during lunch and recess for baseline and the two cartoon conditions. The results revealed significantly more nonphysical aggression following the control cartoons than during baseline across setting and more physical aggression following the control cartoons relative to the aggressive cartoon and baseline conditions in the recess setting. The findings are discussed with regard to their clinical implications and comparability with other field experiments.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00692.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐four per cent of 457 sequential IQ assessments contained errors in the calculation of verbal, performance or full scale IQ's from the raw scores; in 2% the errors were large enough to cause a difference in full scale IQ of more than 5 point

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00693.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY