ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Forty‐two pre‐term infants were studied to determine the effect of nonnutritive sucking pre‐feeding on behavioral state. Infants were randomly assigned to pacifier or rest groups. Pacifiers or rest were given for 5 minutes following routine caregiving and before each of the first 16 bottle feedings. A 12‐category scale was used to measure state immediately before the 5‐minutes and after. Frequencies of states that precede optimal feedings changed for infants given pacifiers versus rest: alert inactivity (+6 vs. –2), quiet awake (+ 19 vs. – 6), and active awake (– 24 vs. +12); infants given pacifiers had more sleep and fewer restless states. Group differences were non‐significant before nonnutritive sucking (p=0.16) but significant after (p=0.00001). When self‐regulatory feeding policies based on early hunger cues are not allowed, nonnutritive sucking for 5 minutes pre‐feeding is simple, brief, and appropriate for busy intensive care units. These findings confirm those from earlier less conclusive research and indicate that nonnutritive sucking modul

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Job related satisfaction was evaluated by registered nurses, physicians, nurse assistants and aids at an internal medicine clinic at a university hospital in Sweden.A questionnaire concerning cooperation, work load, support, independence and other work related factors was developed and filled out by 153 individuals.The results mostly show high job satisfaction in all professional groups. Nevertheless, nearly half of the staff wanted to quit their jobs.Those who planned to leave their jobs perceived themselves as less satisfied with such factors as cooperation, job complexity, help received from superiors and sufficient time for care delivery, than did those who did not plan to quit. The differences were most evident in the group of registered nurses.The head nurse appeared to have an important supportive function.In conclusion, the results suggest that a supportive organization might reduce personnel turnover in hospitals.

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In this study we investigated the administration of analgesics given to patients after open heart surgery (n= 100). The results show that children, especially infants, and elderly patients were given significantly fewer doses of analgesics during the five days after surgery than patients aged>16–70 years. The pattern of pain relief also differed between children and adults, a peak in the number of doses of analgesics occurring on the first day after surgery among children and infants and on the second to third day among adults who continued to get higher numbers of doses than the children up to the fifth da

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper describes the assessment of psychological distress symptoms in the hospitalized physically ill elderly using a screening instrument known as the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) (Åsberget al.1978). The methodological properties of this scale and a subscale known as the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Scale (MADRS) (Montgomery‐Åsberg 1979) are discussed. It is suggested that the introduction of these scales into routine nursing practice would facilitate the identification and collection of psychological distress symptoms in this population and serve as a basis for nursing intervention and evalua

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper highlights the relation between health, lifestyle, sleep and circadian rhythm in disease, using a holistic theory of health, for subjects with, for example, coronary heart disease, nursed in intensive care or post‐operative ward following coronary arterial by‐pass surgery. The paper will also illuminate the World Health Organization's health targets nine and 13–17, adopted by the Member States of the European Region, about the relevance of lifestyle and its influence on the subject̂s health values for patients with coronary heart disease.Sleep is affected by a person's own will, repertoire and circumstance, both internal and external. It plays a meaningful part in maintaining good health. Disturbance of sleep leads to change in circadian rhythm and is an early symptom of psychophysiological and social ill health, independent of disease. It influences a person's values, actions and ability to adjust. Disturbance of sleep over longer periods leads to disease.Patients who have undergone, for example, coronary arterial by‐pass surgery are expected to change their lifestyle. It is therefore important that the nurse can define the subject̂s sleep patterns and circadi

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The purpose of this study was to delineate physiotherapists' conceptions of establishing therapeutic relationships with patients and conceptions of activating the resources of the patients. Ten physiotherapists were interviewed about their ways of thinking and performing in the first encounter with the patient. The phenomenographic method was used and data were analysed qualitatively. Different categories of conceptions with reference to the preparations before the encounter, the proceeding of the encounter and the strategy within the encounter were found. Two main perspectives on the relationship between the physiotherapist and the patient were seen. One is that the relationship is based on a dialogue which aims to discover the patient̂s own conceptions of his problems and strategies to solve them. The second perspective is that the relationship is not based on a dialogue but that the physiotherapist perceives herself as authority. The physiotherapists' knowledge and understanding of establishing relationships with their patients can be described as personal, private and non‐themat

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In order to study the social conditions of spouses of patients suffering from long term illnesses structured interviews were performed. The interviewees were divided into two groups: spouses of persons with cronic conditions cared for at home and spouses of patients cared for in nursing homes. Each group consisted of 27 spouses and there were no differences in physical health score, Mini mental score or ability to manage primary Activities of Daily Living functions between the groups. Home care spouses paid fewer visits to children, had fewer friends and paid fewer visits to friends and they also had time for hobbies or interests significantly more seldom (reading, visits to church) than nursing home spouses. There were no significant differences between the groups concerning sex, socio‐economic class, housing conditions and amount of home health services. Their contact with children and their feelings of loneliness were reported to be the sam

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The purpose of the study was to find a practical applicable method for estimating risk of accidents among nursing home patients by localizing specified risk factors and recording accidents during a period of one year. During 1987‐January‐15 to 1988‐January‐14, a total of 153 accidents happened to 23 men and 76 women among 335 admitted patients. The strongest accident predictors suggested by a logistic regression procedure were: impaired balance, walking with device or human assistance, drugs influencing the central nervous system, dizziness and poor night‐time sleep.The conclusion is reached that it will probably be possible to reduce accidents in the institutionalized elderly by education of staff, identification of risk patients, individual nursing planning and mea

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY