ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00301.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The “Appraisal of Self‐care Agency” scale (the ASA scale) is designed to measure self‐care agency in accordance with Orem's self‐care deficit theory of nursing. The aim of this study was to obtain a reliable Swedish version of the ASA scale by measuring the internal consistency. ASA‐A for self‐appraisal and ASA‐B for appraisal of another were tested with a convenience sample of 52 elderly in‐patients and 53 caregivers in six geriatric care units. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was 0.59 for the ASA‐A scores, 0.77 for ASA‐B scores obtained by caregivers comprising different professions, and 0.87 for scores obtained by registered nurses. Further testing of both validity and reliability is needed if this version of the scale is to be used in nursing

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00302.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00303.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The influence of dinner music on food intake and symptoms common in dementia such as depressed mood, irritability and restlessness was studied. The study was carried out in a nursing‐home ward in Sweden. Soothing music was played as dinner music for two weeks, Swedish tunes from the 1920s and 1930s for two weeks and pop music for two weeks. Prior to these periods, there was one week without music, and at the end of the intervention there was a two‐week control period. The effects of the intervention were assessed by psychological ratings and by weighing the food helpings. It was found that during all three music periods the patients ate more in total. The difference was particularly significant for the dessert. The staff were thought to be influenced by the music, as they served the patients more food, both main course and dessert, whenever music was played. The patients were less irritable, anxious and depressed during the music periods. The results of the study suggest that dinner music, particularly soothing music, can reduce irritability, fear‐panic and depressed mood and can stimulate demented patients in a nursing‐home ward into eati

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00304.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relationships between, on the one hand, burnout, empathy and sense of coherence (SOC) and, on the other, personality traits were investigated, together with the effects of systematic clinical supervision on these phenomena among Swedish district nurses. The results in the supervisory group (n = 21) were compared with those of a comparison group (n = 12) in a quasi‐experimental design. Personality traits were assessed by means of the Karolinska Scales of Personality. The results indicated some correlations between personality traits and burnout, empathy, and SOC, as well as correlations between the latter three phenomena. There were no significant effects of clinical supervision on burnout, empathy, or SOC. More research is needed regarding the effects of clinical nursing supervisio

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00305.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The correct documentation of nursing care is a very important prerequisite for safe care. An extensive survey (n = 380 records), was conducted, using the NoGa© protocol for a review of the nurses' documentation. The documentation revealed considerable deficiencies in most of the wards, and the nursing history, status and planned interventions were inadequate in two‐thirds of the records. Furthermore, the nursing diagnosis, goals and discharge notes were especially poorly documented. The NoGa© protocol was easy to use as an audit tool, useful for screening the nurses' documentation and useful for evaluaton of the outcomes of educational programmes in nursing documentat

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aims of this study were, first, to describe and compare the perceived well‐being and general health, symptoms and coping ability of a group of patients with colo‐rectal and gastric cancer before and after surgery; secondly, to describe the patients' perceptions of the hospital stay and their difficulties after discharge from the hospital; and thirdly, to investigate a possible relationship between sense of coherence and well‐being. Seventy‐nine (36 men, 43 women) consecutively selected patients diagnosed with colo‐rectal or gastric cancer participated in the study. The Health Index (HI), the symptom checklist, the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC scale), a study‐specific questionnaire and a single item were used. Six weeks after surgery many of the cancer patients perceived that their well‐being was poorer on the HI subscales energy, sleep and mobility than before. Bowel function had improved, and pain, which was a common symptom before surgery, was perceived as having lessened after surgery. Furthermore, the sense of coherence was shown to be related to the cancer patients' well‐being as measured by the HI. Patients living with relatives rated their well‐being as better than that of patients living alone. The problem areas identified after discharge concerned mobility, bowel function, fatigue, pain, nutrition, worry, difficulties in sleeping and problems with the wound. The instruments used in the study are seen as screening instruments to further structure the nursing‐care plan, so that the patients' perceptions of the disease situation can also be taken

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The possibility of making scientifically objective statements about health risks is part of a new complex of ideas pervading our Western social institutions. The concept of prevention includes an assessment of risk and dangers which lay persons have difficulties in comprehending. Advances in medical technology have made it possible to detect a growing number of anomalies in the human body and thereby to define more and more people as being at risk of various diseases. Even if it seems desirable for society to be able to detect the risks menacing its members, it calls for delicate management of the test procedures and of the preventive intervention. This article presents some perspectives on preventive work in connection with a directed health survey. The primary aim of the survey in question was to diagnose particular risk factors, for instance a high level of blood cholesterol, and inform the patient about how to prevent or reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The preventive measures are commonly undertaken by a nurse; her encounters with the patients—to obtain test samples, communicate the results and provide information about health risks—raise complex issues. These and other dilemmas in preventive work are discussed and anal

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00309.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to examine the procedures of the caregivers in their daily work with meals in geriatric care, emphasizing ritualized practices, praxis and norms. An ethnographic approach was used. Registered nurses, enrolled nurses and nurse's assistants observed in the study responded to a questionnaire and, finally, were interviewed. The findings indicated that the meals mainly took the form of ritualized practices, and praxis depended on the ability and needs of the patients as well as on the working conditions. The guiding norms identified were ‘to provide a homelike situation with fellowship for training purposes’, ‘to ensure each patient gets what he/she needs/wants by means of a fair method of serving’, and ‘to keep things in order and to be responsible’. These norms were transferred from the traditional family in the society, giving the caregivers the role of the parent when training patients. The enrolled nurses, responsible for the meal performance, strove to keep the eating milieu in order, and the meal as a whole was performed as a ritual. Its static form made it difficult to individualize the meal in accordance with the different needs of t

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00310.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY