摘要:

AbstractFrom 101to 106TCID50(mean tissue culture infective doses) per ml HSV I and II can be quantitatively recorded from vaginal tampons. Tampons and sterile cotton swabs are equally sensitive in recovering HSV I and II. Direct cotton swab cultures of the cervix and cervicovaginal tampon cultures from the same patients recovered similar quantities of HSV, ranging from 1.5 to 6.5 log10TCID50/ml in 5 patients.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNoncultivable viruses have been associated with diarrhea affecting newborn babies in obstetric hospital nurseries. Persisting infection in a special care nursery in Melbourne, Australia, permitted a study of the pattern of excretion of these viruses. Ten babies admitted to the nursery within 2 hr of birth were randomly selected for prospective study. Feces were collected daily for 14 days and were examined by electron microscopy. All ten babies excreted detectable amounts of duovirus (rotavirus, HRVL agent, IGV) for at least 1 day. Age at onset of excretion varied from 2 to 13 days. Eight of the ten babies developed diarrhea. Excretion of duovirus preceded the onset of diarrhea by 12–72 hr and persisted for at least 3 days.Seven of the ten babies also excreted detectable amounts of a 28‐nm virus‐like particle for 3–8 days. The identity of this particle is unknown. Morphologically it resembles Norwalk agent and “astrovirus.” Excretion of this 28‐nm particle coincided with symptoms of diarrhea in four babies, all of whom were also excreting duovirus.It is concluded that most newborn babies admitted to a nursery where duovirus infection is endemic will excrete this virus at least once during the first 2 weeks of life. Excretion of virus particles will either precede development of diarrhea or be asymptomatic. Selective isolation of babies with diarrhea is thus unlikely to control spread of duovirus infection within a hos

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA Bwamba group virus was isolated from the blood of a febrile child on the Kano Plain, Kenya. The isolate (NY‐45), closely resembling Bwamba, established infection in both Anopheles gambiae and Mansonia uniformis. Neither the Bwamba nor the Pongola prototype strains grew in both species. In gel‐diffusion tests NY‐45 virus passaged through mosquitoes exhibited a line of identity with Pongola antiserum. In contrast no cross‐reaction was observed with NY–45 virus which had not previously been passaged through m

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring an epidemic of acute gastroenteritis in Helsinki, in March – May 1976, 18 out of 40 adult patients showed electron microscopic and/or serologic evidence for rotavirus infection. Rotavirus was most frequently seen in the fecal suspensions from 2 to 6 days after the onset of the symptoms but persisted in one patient for as long as 10 days. An increase in the complement‐fixing (CF) serum antibody titers against the related Nebraska calf diarrhea virus (NCDV), or an initially high titer and subsequent significant decrease, was seen in all but one patient with rotavirus‐positive feces, and in 6 additional patients. This suggests that using electron microscopy as the only diagnostic procedure a considerable number of rotavirus infections in adults remain undectected.Immune response against autologous or homologous rotavirus was also documented by immunoelectron microscopy. Complement‐fixing antibody titers against NCDV decreased significantly from the convalescence values over a half‐year observation period, but still remained clearly above the titers of a gastroenteritis‐negative control

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA small‐plaque mutant (No. 69) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) strain 333 has been previously isolated and characterized in this laboratory. This mutant was shown to produce a high ratio of noninfectious to infectious particles when grown at the nonpermissive temperature in hamster embryo fibroblasts [Westmoreland D. and Rapp F. (1976). Journal of Virology 18:92–102]. In this study, we have demonstrated that it is possible to obtain noninfectious stocks of this virus which retain transforming ability in a biochemical transformation assay specific for detection of the HSV gene for thymidine kinase. This mutant contains a DNA genome that has a density identical to the DNA of wildtype virus. Virus and cell DNA synthesis after infection with the mutant at both the permissive and nonpermissive temperature are similar to that observed in cultures infected with the parental virus. Clones of mouse cells biochemically transformed by this virus contain HSV antigens and are presently being examined for oncogen

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComplement‐fixing (CF) antigen, prepared from cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐ infected cells and solubilized by urea and Tween‐20, was fractionated on agarose gel columns. Its molecular weight was 1.5−5 × 107daltons, and it contained 5 major peptides with molecular weights from 60,000–90,000 daltons. The peptide with a molecular weight of 70,000 daltons which was present in the solubilized CF antigen was absent in a soluble fraction from infected cells without CF activity and may be, therefore, important in this respect. The antigens present in the CF antigen did not elicit neutralizin

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInto 14 juvenile cebus monkeys that lacked serum antibodies for RS virus 108plaque‐forming units (pfu) of wild‐type respiratory syncytial (RS) virus were inoculated transtracheally. Roentgenographic evidence of pneumonia developed in 13 of 14 infected animals. Gross pathologic changes occurred in each of the 13 monkeys that were sacrificed. Patchy areas of red consolidation were seen in the lower lobes 24 hours after inoculation, and there was progression to gray consolidation seven days later. Each of the infected animals had histologic evidence of interstitial pneumonia. Changes were detected in the lung as early as 24 hours after inoculation; they consisted primarily of infiltration of the alveolar wall. By the fourth to sixth day after inoculation there was marked interstitial thickening, pulmonary consolidation, formation of multinucleated giant cells and development of eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within alveolar cells. RS viral antigens, detected by indirect immunofluorescence, were distributed throughout cells of the alveolar wall and the bronchiolar epithelium. The virus grew to highest titer in the lungs on the fourth to sixth day after inoculation; up to 108pfu/gram of tissue were detected. The cebus monkey represents the first experimental host to develop extensive pulmonary lesions during infection with respiratory syncytial vi

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree patterns of activity were evident when the differential activation of the DNA polymerase associated with serum Dane particles by nonionic detergent and salt was investigated. The patterns were obtained by plotting the increase in enzyme activity mediated by the detergent Nonidet P‐40 (NP‐40) in increasing concentrations of KCl compared to the activity observed in the absence of detergent. The pattern of differential activity of hepatitis B (HB) DNA polymerase in detergent and salt was altered by subjecting the HBAg preparations to shearing forces. Hepatitis B DNA polymerase activity was stable even in NP‐40 concentrations as high as 10%. In addition to hepatitis B DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase activated by calf thymus DNA was found in pellets containing Dane particles. The latter DNA polymerase activity was also activated by NP‐40 and was not decreased by DNAse; this DNA polymerase coprecipitated with hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) upon addition of anti‐HBs. However, the DNA polymerase activated by calf thymus DNA was inhibited by 0.4 M KCl. Electron microscopic observations of serum Dane particles in 0.4 M KCl showed no alterations of morphology of these particles when compared to particles in low‐salt buffer. The data indicated that KCl activated HB DNA polymerase by a different mechanism from that of shear or NP‐40, which removed the surface antigen coat from the D

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY