摘要:

AbstractA cold recombinant live influenza B virus vaccine was tested in man. In comparison to a placebo, reactogenicity attributable to virus infection was slight or moderate. No revertant viruses were shed, and there was no evidence of transmission to the placebo group who were housed in close contact with the vaccinees. Serological responses to initial inoculation were moderate; 60% of vaccinees showing twofold increases in serum hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers gave a geometric mean titer (GMT) of 1:13Three weeks after the first vaccination, both the vaccine and the placebo group were revaccinated with homologous live virus vaccine. Thc group previously given vaccine was resistant to reinfection as judged from clinical reactions and virus shedding and the GMT increased only slightly to 1:16.3. In contrast, the former placebo group responded; mild symptoms were seen, the majority shed viruses and 50% showed twofold increases in serum HAI titers to a geometric mean titer of 1:17.4.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn outbreak of epidemic gastroenteritis associated with astrovirus, the first case reported in Japan, is described. Not only children (5–6 years of age), but also staff members of a kindergarten were affected. The virus particles detected in stools were 28–30 nm in diameter with a circular outline and had the characteristic starlike configuration which allowed identification as astrovirus. Significant immune responses to the virus were confirmed by immune electron microscopy. Out of 84 children, 43 (54.2%) were affected; the common symptoms were vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever. All the patients recovered completely within 48 hours. Occurrence of gastroenteritis due to contact with these patients was observed in 14 of 43 famil

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe structural polypeptides of molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) obtained from the skin lesions of patients were examined by SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. At least 40 polypeptides from purified virions were detected on SDS‐polyacrylamide gel by a highly sensitive silver stain. Two of thc structural polypeptides of the nine isolates were different in their migration rate in SDS‐polyacrylamide gel. Following controlled degradation of virions the two variable polypeptides were shown to be located in the surface or subsurface l

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo elucidate the mechanism of heterologous antibody responses to herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella‐zostcr virus (VZV) which occur in some patients with HSV or VZV infections, stronger evidence was sought for the existence of cross‐reacting antibodies to these viruses, using antibody absorption procedures. Absorption of sera from initial HSV infections with HSV antigen was found to abolish heterologous antibody titer rises to VZV, as demonstrated in complement fixation, neutralization, and anti‐complement immunofluorescence test systems. In most instances, convalescent‐phase titers to heterologous VZV were reduced by HSV absorption to levels comparable to those in the acute‐phase serum, indicating that cross‐reacting antibodies were, in fact, responsible for the heterologous antibody titer rises. Absorption of convalescent‐phase sera from HSV or VZV patients with homologous antigen also abolished or greatly diminished immunoprecipitating activity with the heterologous antigen, furnishing additional evidence of the existence of cross‐reacting antibodies. Absorption of sera with insolubilized IgG to reremove rheumatoid factor, which was present in a number of the sera studied, had no effect on either homologous or heterologous antibody titer increases. The demonstration of cross‐reacting antibodies to HSV and VZV supports the concept that these two human herpesviruses share

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHerpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Chlamydia trachomatis are important agents in venereal and neonatal disease. Vaginal tampon culture for HSV has previously been demonstrated to be a simple and effective technique for quantitative culture of cervical secretions. We have evaluated the tampon culture as a means of performing quantitative cultures for CMV and C trachomatis.Cell‐free and cell‐associated CMV were quantitatively recovered from vaginal tampons when extraction was performed within one hour of tampon inoculation. However, when tampons were stored, there was a rapid loss of infectivity over time at all storage temperatures except –70°C. C trachomatis was quantitatively recovered from tampons stored at ≤4°C for four days. When stored at –7O°C, C trachomatis was stable on tampons for more than one week.Because HSV, CMV, and C trachomatis are stable in a single transport medium, a tampon stored at 4°C briefly or at –70°C for one week could be utilized for the detection of

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for detecting IgG antibodies to the Pitman Moore strain of rabies virus in sera from subjects immunised with HDCS vaccine. End‐point titres of antibody were determined using a pocket calculator preprogrammed to analyse absorbence values of test sera and negative controls. The assay was highly reproducible, and very close agreement was achieved when the results were compared with those of the mouse neutralization test. Rabies enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay is easy to perform, the results are obtained within 48 hours, and because it employs inactivated virus, the test can be used safely without special containment facil

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aetiology of intussusception is ill‐defined, with viruses being incriminated as one of many possible aetiological agents. A two‐part study was performed by us to investigate the aetiological role of rotavirus in intussusception. Retrospective epidemiological data revealed a negative correlation between the incidence of rotaviral gastroenteritis and the incidence of intussusception. A prospective investigation employing electronmicroscopy, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence studies of faeces and fluorescent antibody studies of sera demonstrated evidence of rotavirus infection in only 2 of 24 children with intussusception. No evidence was forthcoming in this study of an aetiological role of rotavirus in intussusce

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn assay based on nucleic acid hybridization detects and quantitates hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in particles present in serum. This assay allows rapid examination of multiple samples and is sensitive and reproducible; serum samples are treated with proteolytic enzyme and detergent and then extracted with phenol and chloroform. The deproteinized extracts which may contain HBV DNA are made alkaline to denature the DNA, neutralized, and bound to nitrocellulose filters in 3‐mm in diameter “spots” in a special 96‐well filtration apparatus. HBV DNA is detected by its ability to hybridize with32P‐labeled DNA prepared from recombinant plasmids containing the complete HBV genome. After hybridization, the nitrocellulose is washed and autoradiographed; samples containing HBV produce spots on X‐ray film whose intensity (in the linear exposure range of the film) is proportional to the amount of HBV DNA in the serum sample. The assay is specific and sensitive, correlates with infectivity of sera titered in chimpanzees as well as biophysical parameters, and is in agreement with serological indicators of H

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe DNA from several clinical isolates of varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) were compared with the DNA from the vaccine strain VZV using three restriction endonucleases: BamHI, BglI, and HpaI. When electrophoresed through an agarose gel, the vaccine DNA digestion pattern was significantly different from the digestion patterns of the wild‐type DNAs. Variations in the digestion pattern of the separate clinical isolates were also obser

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY