摘要:

AbstractCharacteristics of two components of Oriboca virus were studied after they were separated and semipurified by velocity centrifugation. A component of low infectivity and broad cross‐reactivity in the complement‐fixation (CF) test had a sedimentation coefficient of 6–7S. Infectious Oriboca virions with hemagglutinating (HA) activity had a sedimentation coefficient of 457S. These virions cross‐reacted broadly with Murutucu viral antibody. The crossreactive, virion‐associated component and a type‐specific CF fragment were released from virions by disruption with Nonidet P‐40. These CF fragments separated by sucrose gradient equilibrium centrifugation had densities of 1.245 gm/ml and 1.181 gm/ml, respectively, and were both interpreted to be envelope structures. The type‐specific CF antigen appeared to be related to the viral hemagglutinin in that it blocked hemagglutination‐in‐hibiting (HI) antibody, whereas the cross‐reactiv

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo assess the relative effect of natural versus experimental influenza illness on pulmonary function, we compared 43 normal adults with documented nonpneumonic influenza A infection during three outbreaks, 1974 (A/Port Chalmers/74), 1975 (A/Port Chalmers/74), and 1976 (A/Victoria/75) to 24 normal volunteers following nasal inoculation with wild‐type influenza A/England/42/72, A/Scotland/74 or A/Victoria/75. In naturally acquired illness, abnormalities in small airway function and transiently increased airway reactivity were observed. In contrast, no such dysfunction was observed in experimentally induced illness. This group manifested milder illness and significantly shorter duration of coug

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIf trypsin is incorporated in the tissue culture medium it is possible to carry out a sensitive immunofluorescence assay for the presence of human rotavirus. The enhanced effect of trypsin is negated by serum. It has also been established that naturally occurring enzymes in faeces enable some virus to penetrate tissue culture cells. The role of these naturally occurring enzymes in the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection is discussed.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo groups of elderly subjects who received bivalent influenza virus vaccine were identified. Those in Group I manifested marked local reactions, suggestive of delayed hypersensitivity reactions, whereas those in Group II, matched with Group I for vaccine preparation, had no cutaneous reactions. In vitro assays of immune function were performed on pairs of subjects from the two groups and included serum immunoglobulin and complement levels, antibody response to vaccine, lymphocyte transformation to mitogens (phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen and concanavalin A) and antigens (streptokinase‐strepto‐dornase, influenza virus vaccine antigens and multiple mixed lymphocytes), and polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotactic responsiveness. There was no demonstrable correlation between delayed local cutaneous reaction and preservation of in vitro cell‐mediated immune function in these elderly indivi

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHerpes simplex virus can be quantitatively recovered from vaginal tampons suspended in tissue culture medium and stored over a wide range of temperatures. Because herpes simplex virus is stable for several days with refrigeration or after freezing, this method of culture of cervicovaginal virus lends itself to epidemiologic studies.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInoculation of adolescent CD‐1 mice with one variant of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3m) results in induction of readily observable myocardial lesions, whereas inoculation of siblings with a second variant (CVB3o) results in little or no myocarditis. These variants could not be distinguished from each other on the basis of replication properties in HeLa cells or cardiac tissues in vivo, sensitivity to human interferon in HeLa cells, induction of interferon in the mouse, generation of detectable levels of defective‐interfering particles in HeLa cells or in cardiac tissue in vivo, stimulation of serum‐neutralizing antibody titers, nor in their rate of clearance by the spleen. Infectivity of CVB3owas slightly more heat labile at 34oC than CVB3m. Little if any replication of either CVB3oor CVB3moccurred in either adherent or nonadherent populations of normal murine lymphoid cells. Cardiac tissues from mice inoculated with CVB3mbut not CVB3ocontain new antigens that can inhibit migration of sensitized lymphocytes from CVB3m‐immunized mice in an in vitro cell‐migrationinhibition assay. However, the CVB3ovariant was shown to have the genetic capability of inducing myocarditis if the mice were treated with cyclophosphamide prior to virus inoculation. These results suggest, in agreement with our previously published work, that induction of myocarditis by CVB3 requires destruction of myocytes by virus and subsequent stimulation of cell‐mediated responses to new antigens produced in the myocardium during virus

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn extract and a filtrate prepared from feces of a child with mild gastroenteritis were shown by electron microscopy to contain numerous astrovirus particles and were given to eight volunteers by mouth. One subject developed diarrheal illness and concurrently shed large amounts of astrovirus in feces, and one other had mild constitutional symptoms with a lower level of virus shedding. Nine other volunteers were given fecal filtrate from the volunteer with diarrhea, and astrovirus shedding subsequently occurred in two of them. The syndrome accompanying virus shedding appeared distinct from that associated with the “W” agent in previous experiments. Thirteen of 16 astrovirus‐inoculated subjects subsequently developed a rise in titer of the homologous antibody in serum. It was concluded that astrovirus causes a transmissible infection that is of low pathogenicity for adults. Immunofluorescence of human embryo kidney cells inoculated with astrovirus and shown by electron microscopy to contain 28 nm virus‐like particles was used both to detect virus in feces and to assay astrovirus a

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA recently marketed passive hemagglutination (PHA) test (Rubacell, Abbott Laboratories) was compared to the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for the detection of antibody to rubella virus. The performance of the PHA system in determining immunity to rubella was evaluated by comparing the PHA results and HI results on 1,086 randomly selected sera submitted for routine premarital and prenatal testing. Of the 1,079 specimens assayable by both procedures, 1,053 of the results (97.6%) were in agreement on initial testing. When the 26 initially discrepant specimens were retested for clarification, there was final agreement in 1,067 of the specimens (98.9%). Twelve specimens were classified as persistently discrepant (five were not retested by PHA) and seven were unassayable by HI. Seven of the specimens with discrepant results were PHA positive and HI negative, and five were PHA negative and HI positive. Discussion of the two tests with respect to technical difficulty, cost, and controls is also included.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sensitive radioimmunoassay technique was used to detect hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). A strong correlation was found between HBeAg positivity of the serum of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier women in Taiwan and the subsequent development of surface antigenemia in their babies. All babies who became chronic HBsAg carriers were born to HbeAg positive women, maternal HBeAg positivity being a better prior indication of chronic antigenemia developing in the baby than the HBsAg titer in the mother's serum.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890030301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY