摘要:

ABSTRACTProblems are structured when they are repetitive, routine, and well‐defined. Standardized approaches including habit, tradition, standard operating procedures, and sophisticated analytical models are frequently used. Problems are ill‐structured when they are novel, one of a kind, unfocused, and complex. Depending on the level in the organization in which the ill‐structured problems occur, different problem‐solving processes may be utilized. The Dewey and Dewey‐Bentley models are proposed as general methodologies for solving operating problems at the lower levels of the organization. Simon's decision‐process trichotomy is proposed as a methodology for solving strategic problems at the upper levels of the organization. Allison's three conceptual models are suggested as descriptive frameworks for understanding Simon's decision process. Based upon Allison's work, a normative model of strategic problem solving i

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces conditional risk analysis as a new approach to extend the standard risk analysis method of Hertz. An exercise in profit planning is used to illustrate the special features of conditional risk analysis: total risk measurement, risk decomposition, factor outcome analysis and variable significance analysis. Mathematical expressions are presented for performing the various analyses.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn this paper a framework is developed to seek information from the decision‐maker about uncertain events, and to use this information for identifying a preferred alternative. It is shown how a preferred alternative can be identified with less than perfect knowledge of the probabilitie

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper is concerned with the estimation of the resource requirements to service multiple projects that use many types of resources. It reports on a systematic procedure to determine the low cost levels of these resources, focusing on the two following characteristics: (1) the comparative cost of standard time to overtime in the utilization of these resources for the economical completion of the projects, and (2) the impact of highly expensive equipment in the determination of the economic levels of the manpower resources that combine with the equipment to form a crew. A numerical example is also presented to illustrate the method.Resource planning is of particular interest in the area of multiproject scheduling, since most of the commonly utilized heuristic solution approaches focus on the allocation of a limited set of available resources. In the corporate strategic planning functions, resource planning is particularly important for capital investment, training and development, and procurement scheduling.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01366.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses results of a longitudinal field experiment to evaluate the implementation of a computer‐based system. This new system includes the introduction of an optically scanned order input form and new computer programs. It is hypothesized that successful implementation would be affected by the quality of service and the personal costs and benefits to the users of the new system. The experimental results show a marked reduction in job satisfaction after implementation of the new system. The implications of the findings for the implementation of computer‐based systems in general are discus

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01367.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01368.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe bank liquidity‐management model presented herein is formulated as a chance‐constrained goal programming model thus allowing uncertainty to be incorporated into a lexicographic solution of the problem. This model plans both for the reserve‐short and reserve‐excess bank, describing appropriate investment or disinvestment action during the computation period. The testing of the model was performed on two banks, one a small rural bank with assets of about $25 million, and the other a large metropolitan bank with assets well in excess of $1 billion, with the actual bank results and the prescribed strategy of the model being compared over a one‐year period. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was performed on the model, providing valuable information concerning the risk‐return relationships associated with each management goal. It is hoped that this model will provide bankers with both an effective diagnostic and operational tool in the development of liquidity‐management plann

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01369.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper is an analysis of the optimal reneging decision of a customer who joins a G/M/1 queue, having imperfect information about the queue. It is assumed that a customer receives a constant, known reward upon completion of service and incurs a cost proportional to the time spent in the queueing system. It is also assumed that a customer revises his estimated remaining waiting time in the system based on his initial estimate and observations of service time. Thus, a customer will renege when his estimated cost of remaining in the system exceeds his reward. The probability of a customer reneging during any given service is determined. Finally, it is shown how this probability varies with the parameters of the customer.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01370.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study provides an operational replication of a proposed multiattribute choice model. The necessity of replication in the decision sciences in general and in consumer behavior in particular is discussed. Several alternative forms of multiattribute choice models are considered. Results are supportive of earlier efforts in this area.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWhen a product is temporarily unavailable it is not uncommon to find consumers buying a related product rather than postponing the purchase until the former is back in stock. This phenomenon may be observed in the sale of cigarettes, candy bars, different‐sized packages of milk, lawn fertilizer, brands of wine and a host of other consumer items. This paper suggests a model for the vendor to employ when seeking to opti mize his stocking strategy for a periodic review/replenishment syste

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb01372.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY