ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974483

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In order to effectively plan and develop projects involving microcomputers, the industrial engineer requires background information on number systems, binary arithmetic, and binary logic. In this tutorial article, a basic introduction to these topics is provided. Specific topics include: positional number systems, conversion between number systems, addition and subtraction of binary numbers, the two's complement of negative numbers, the ASCII and Gray codes, the basic logic functions (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR), and some applications of basic logic functions, including a decoder, an adder, and a binary latch. This is the first of an integrated series of articles dealing with concepts and techniques for interfacing microcomputers to industrial devices.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974484

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The rapid development of microprocessor devices invites the industrial engineer to consider using microprocessors to solve data acquisition, machine control, and process control problems in ways that previously would have been apriori uneconomic. The initial simplicity of the microprocessor is often lost when the engineer finds that microprocessors are usually embedded in conventional digital electronic circuits. Fortunately, only a small class of digital electronic devices serves a variety of functions. When their operation and application is understood on a functional basis, the original simplicity of the microprocessor is largely retained. The suppliers of microprocessor products provide not only the microprocessor itself but also a wide range of supporting “chips” which allow the user to realize a microcomputer system of considerable power and flexibility. Nevertheless, the user usually finds a need to understand and use more conventional digital electronic circuits in conjunction with the microprocessor and its supporting devices.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974485

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Various methods of selecting observation times in work sampling studies are presented, including simple random, systematic, and stratified sampling, and a new method called restricted random sampling. The attributes of these sampling methods are evaluated, particularly statistical efficiency, and the important advantages of stratification are demonstrated. Finally, the analysis of variance is recommended for statistical analysis of work sampling data to account for the presence of several sources of variation, in addition to sampling error.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974486

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper considers the problem of sampling from a finite population defined on the interval (1, 2, …,T),using a restricted form of random sampling in which the spacing between consecutive observations must be at least some minimum value,M.For this type of restricted random sample, of sizeN,the valueMcan be arbitrarily specified in the range from zero, corresponding to simple random sampling with replacement, to a maximum ofT/N,corresponding to systematic sampling. An efficient procedure is developed for generating a sample for specified values ofN, MandT.It is then shown, by computer simulation, that values ofMin the range from 60 to 90 percent ofT/Nretain most of the advantages of systematic sampling, while avoiding most of the disadvantages for some special processes., Also, the error variance associated with stratified sampling is comparable to restricted random sampling with a minimum spacing of about 70 percent, and both methods are almost as efficient as systematic sampling.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974487

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An approach to the study of inspection task design has been investigated. Twenty female inspectors did a simulated paced visual inspection task for 90 minutes each. The experimental variables were display size, product pacing, and fault information as a measure of defect probability. They were tested in a 15 point design with 3 replications of the center point. The criterion of performance was the fraction of total products correctly identified as being defect free. From the experimental data quantitative estimates of performance increments or decrements associated with changes in inspection task variables were determined. The implications of observations and their importance in the design of an inspection task have been discussed.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974488

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper considers the following queueing system:; two classes of customers use the same s-server loss system. A mathematical model is developed for the case where one class of customer can preempt the other and the mean service times of each class of customer may be different. These results are then used to numerically investigate the behavior of various measures of performance as well as the system in general.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974489

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A real life case study of the design and implementation of a production planning system in an aluminium rolling mill is presented. A tailor-made computerized production planning system was set up for this company. On the aggregate level, a package was developed for simulating future machine loads. These simulations yield all necessary information for determining a production make span for each individual family of products so as to optimize overall machine capacity utilization. 0n the day to day operational level, another package was developed in order to determine the manufacturing schedule of specific orders on a daily basis. A specific dispatching algorithm was developed taking into account due dates of individual orders, production targets on finishing machines, and external factors. This article includes a description of the system and some comments on the actual implementation and possible future extensions.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974490

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The research literature on metal cutting contains numerous papers on optimizing machining parameters for maximum production rate or minimum production cost. Analyses presented in the literature, however, have been limited to conditions of “steady-state” manufacture (i.e., a large number of parts were to be produced). In today's metal cutting industry, over ninety percent of all parts are produced in lots of thirty or less. This implies that steady-state manufacturing may never be reached. This paper introduces lot size information into the selection of machine operating rates. A solution procedure is presented for the single decision variable (machine speed) case. An example problem is also presented to illustrate the gains that can be attained using lot size information.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974491

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The learning curve is one of the tools in operation planning and control. It enables the planner to estimate the future performance of tasks executed either by individuals or organizations. Choosing the appropriate mathematical model that depicts learning is usually based on a “least square oriented” searching procedure, hence prior knowledge of the possible model that may fit a certain operation would facilitate the searching procedure. This study investigates the influence of three groups of variables on the chosen model: working conditions, type of instructions, and previous experience. The following three models were investigated: linear, power, and exponential. Results show that the predictability power of the model is a function of operational variables as well as the specific model which is applied.

ISSN:0569-5554    

DOI:10.1080/05695558008974492

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor