ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138396.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138397.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138398.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138399.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138400.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo evaluate the response to treatment with interferon alfa and the long term outcome of patients with chronic active hepatitis B.MethodsSixty‐two patients with chronic active hepatitis B (43 males, 19 females; age range, 10‐67 years) who were treated with interferon alfa at Westmead Hospital between 1984 and 1992 were followed up (mean period of follow‐up, 44 months). Thirty‐nine patients were treated with interferon alfa‐2a and 23 with interferon alfa‐2b for a mean of 22.5 weeks. Interferon was given three times a week with a dose range of 3‐21 million U. We evaluated pretreatment predictors of response (patient's age, sex, ethnic origin, presence of cirrhosis, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and hepatitis B virus DNA [HBV‐DNA]) and the effect of dose and type of interferon.ResultsNine patients had a complete response to treatment with interferon alfa (loss of hepatitis B surface antigen), 26 had a partial response (permanently HBV‐DNA negative, hepatitis B e antigen to anti‐hepatitis Be seroconversion), eight had a transient response and 19 had no response. All patients with a complete response had normal ALT levels at last follow‐up. Histological evidence of hepatic inflammation was significantly reduced in responders. A high pretreatment ALT level and a low HBV‐DNA titre were both positive predictors of a favourable response. We found no significant difference in the response to different types of interferon or to high or low dose regimens, or in the responses of patients with cirrhosis.ConclusionTreatment with interferon alfa was associated with prolonged suppression of HBV replication in over half these patients and 14% appear to have been cured of the infection. Suppression of HBV replication is associated with sustained abatement of liver disease.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138401.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo document the results of mutation analysis on 160 individuals with cystic fibrosis and 31 obligate carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene in 191 Western Australian families to facilitate accurate genetic counselling.MethodsWe tested for 17 mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene by either a variation of the polymerase chain reaction amplification refractory mutation system (PCR‐ARMS) or with a series of restriction enzyme cuts and dot blots using chemiluminescent probes.ResultsAt least one of the two intragenic mutations causing cystic fibrosis was identified in 98% of affected individuals and both were detected in 68%. The AF508 deletion occurred in 89.8% of patients: 51% were homozygous for this defect. In carriers, 85% of the mutations were detected with a panel of 16 probes, identifying 17 intragenic defects: the AF508 deletion occurred in 72.4%. Both cystic fibrosis mutations were detected in 68% of cystic fibrosis families.ConclusionsBy analysis with 16 intragenic cystic fibrosis genomic probes, we have documented the frequencies of various mutations in the Western Australian population. These data will be useful in accurate genetic counselling for affected families and carrier screening for the general population.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138402.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo determine whether plasma glutamine levels can be used as an indicator of exercise‐induced stress, and to consider the possible effects of low plasma glutamine concentrations on the immune system.MethodsWe used two exercise regimens: in Trial 1 seven male subjects were randomly stressed on a treadmill at 0, 30%, 60%, 90% and 120% of their maximal oxygen uptake $(Vo2max); in Trial 2 five highly trained male subjects underwent intensive interval training sessions twice daily for ten days, followed by a six‐day recovery period.ResultsPlasma glutamine concentrations decreased significantly from an average of 1244+ 121 μmol/L to 702 ± 101 μmo1/L after acute exercise at 90% $VDo2max (P<0.05) and to 560 ± 79 μmol/L at 120% $VDo2max (P<0.001). Four of the five subjects showed reduced plasma glutamine concentrations by Day 6 of the overload training trial, with all subjects displaying significantly lower glutamine levels by Day 11. However, glutamine levels showed a variable rate of recovery over the six‐day recovery period, with two subjects' levels remaining low by Day 16.ConclusionsReduced plasma glutamine concentrations may provide a good indication of severe exercise stress.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138403.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo assess the safety, effectiveness and potential benefits of laparoscopic Burch colposuspension.DesignNon‐randomised prospective study.SubjectsFifteen women, presenting consecutively with uro‐dynamically confirmed urinary stress incontinence.ResultsThe operation was successfully completed with no perioperative morbidity in 14 women. One woman subsequently underwent laparotomy after injury to the inferior epigastric artery. The average duration of surgery was 110 minutes, postoperative catheter‐isation 30 hours, and hospital stay 2.3 days. There was little postoperative discomfort. Most women were able to return to normal activities within one to two weeks. At follow‐up (6 weeks‐9 months) all the women were continent.ConclusionLaparoscopic Burch colposuspension is a safe and feasible alternative to the open technique. Early results show the benefits of easy access to the cave of Retzius, a clear view of the operating field, minimal intraoperative blood loss, shortened postoperative catheterisation and hospitalisation times, little postoperative pain and early return to normal lifestyle.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138404.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138405.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY