摘要:

Investigations on the morphology of cells that participate in immune responses in vitro have been limited because the recovery and identification of immunocompetent cells growing dispersely in conventional liquid cultures are technically difficult and allow only the observation of individual antibody-forming cells. Here we used a system in which focal proliferation of antisheep erythrocyte antibody-secreting cells has been induced in semisolid cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. By this method, intact colonies can be observed by light microscopy at the center of each hemolytic area and then processed for electron microscopy without disrupting the connections existing among the cells. Two types of colonies develop: type I colonies which grow deeply into the agar and contain cells that undergo a complete process of differentiation from blast to mature plasma cell, and type II colonies which grow more superficially and do not seem to be directly involved in antibody production.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146087

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In developing ovarian oocytes of 2-day-old, 12-day-old and adult hamsters, oxidative enzyme activity as demonstrated by the cerium technique is strongest at 12 days and occurs principally in those oocytes which have begun rapid growth. The reaction is associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane, nearby cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope. Once antrum formation has begun and the mitochondria have reached the dormant (storage) stage, cerium reactivity ceases. In adults, reaction occurs at the same stages of oocyte development but is weaker and limited to the mitochondria and their immediate vicinity.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146088

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Effects of pilocarpine treatment and of electrical vagal stimulation on the rat parathyroid were studied ultrastructurally. The number of type I storage granules with a narrow halo (NSG-I) and hat of type II storage granules having a wide halo (NSG-II) were calculated. After pilocarpine treatment, NSG-I gradually decreased and reached a minimum at 30 min; in contrast, NSG-II gradually increased and reached a maximum at 20 min, but thereafter it slightly decreased and instead vacuolar bodies increased. Excluding these alterations, the ultrastructure of parenchymal cells showed no remarkable changes. Electrical vagal stimulation furthermore confirmed these results. Acid phosphatase activity was occasionally found in storage granules of both types in control and experimental rats. It was concluded that storage granules normally may be transformed from type I into type II and finally into vacuolar bodies as a result of hydrolysis, and that these processes may be accelerated by parasympathetic stimulation.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146089

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The posterior gastric artery, a branch of the splenic artery to the posterior gastric wall, was described for the first time by Walther in 1729. It was often” recognized by many authors since, but consequently ignored by anatomical and surgical textbooks until its rediscovery and description by Suzuki et al. [Ann. Surg. 187:134–136, 1978]. The incidence of the posterior gastric artery differs between 4 and nearly 100%. All authors describe posterior gastric regions being supplied by the posterior gastric artery, but sometimes also a branch running towards the superior pole of the spleen is cited. In our study of 104 corpses we found the posterior gastric artery with an incidence of 37.5%. In one third of these cases, a branch of the posterior gastric artery to the superior pole of the spleen was also detectable. Besides these results, the course of the posterior gastric artery to the corresponding organs and the importance of this vessel for the abdominal surgeon are discus

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146090

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A novel procedure for a simultaneous demonstration of particular enteric nerve cell types and peptidergic nerve fibres has been developed by combining the histochemical reaction for NADH-dependent dehydrogenase and the unlabelled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method described by Sternberger. Whole-mount spreads were successively incubated in a NADH: nitroblue tetrazolium solution, fixed with a picric acid/ formaldehyde mixture, dehydrated, cleared and rehydrated before processing for immunocytochemical localization of the neuropeptide by the PAP method. The nerve cells appear heavily stained by deposits of dark blue formazan, whereas the peptide-containing nerves appear bright brown. In the myenteric and submucous plexuses of the porcine small intestine the devised method allows an appropriate identification of Dogiel’s type I, type II and type III neurons surrounded by varicose enkephalin-like immunoreactive fibre baskets with button-like twigs to the very surface of the ganglionic cells, suggestive of synaptic connection

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146091

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The work reported here examines the quantitative ultrastructure of cat carotid body type I cells, and the effects of hypoxia on the cells. On the basis of size and density of electron-dense cored vesicle (EDCV) we were unable to identify more than one major population of type I cells. Prior ventilation of the animals with 10% O2 resulted in an increase in the volume percentage (Vv%) of mitochondria and a decrease in the Vv% of EDCV as compared to the values after ventilation with 100% O2. The lack of effect of prior denervation of the carotid body on the hypoxic changes suggests that the effects are not mediated via an efferent pathway.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146092

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The formation of the anulospiral ending of la fibers in muscle spindles was investigated in the masseter muscle of developing mice. Before 15 days after birth, the complete anulospiral ending was not observed in almost all of the muscle spindles examined. With the growth of mice, the la fiber began to construct the spiral ending, and by the 40th postnatal day after weaning, almost all of the la fibers of the muscle spindles had complete coiled endings, though the formation still continued in some spindles. The continuous formation of anulospiral endings for a long period after weaning indicates that muscle spindle morphogenesis may be affected by muscle tension in the masseter muscle due to the movement activated after weaning.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146093

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The splenic lymphoid tissue of mice reared in a conventional environment regressed with increasing age. Immunogloblin G positive plasma cells gathered along the peniciUi in the senile spleen as well as in the adult control spleen. The number of plasma cells around the peniciUi showed no difference in the senile spleen as compared to the adult spleen. Since mature plasma cells remain in the lymph node for a short time only and seldom divide there, our results indicate that the transformation from B lymphocyte to plasma cell is not affected by age.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146094

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intracellular glycoprotein synthesis and migration in the major sublingual gland of the Mongolian gerbil were studied with light-microscopic radioautography, using L-4, 5-[¾]-leucine, Z)-l-[3H]-glucose and N-[3H]-acetyl-D-mannosamine as precursors. The time elapsed from the beginning of the synthesis of the secretion products to their release was longer in the mucous acinar cells than in any other exocrine cell investigated until now. A slow addition of the terminal sugars (especially sialic acid) to the glycoprotein molecule and a prolonged storage of the glycoproteins in the apical granules were assumed to be the reasons for this delay in schedule. The secretion in the serous demilune cells was much faster than in the mucous acinar cells. The lack of uptake of labelled mannosamine showed that the demilunes are likely to produce substances different from those of the mucous acinar cells, presumably a protein-rich material with a high turnover

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146095

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Light and electron microscopic examination of cartilage canals in 39 infants (from fetuses to 2 years of age) revealed the presence of multivacuolated cells in the connective tissue of the canals. These cells showed an irregular and electron-dense nucleus and cytoplasm; the latter.was almost filled by large, irregular, membrane-bound vacuoles without or with hardly apparent content. Histochemistry revealed a weakly positive stain with periodic-acid-Schiff, oil-red-o and muramidase techniques in these cells which seem to be degenerated macrophages.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146096

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger