摘要:

In the present study, the effect of estradiol dipropionate on the cytology and mitotic activity of the pineal gland was evaluated in adult ovariectomized and juvenile bandicoot rats, Bandicota bengalensis. Estradiol treatment for 5 days inhibited the ovariectomy-induced hypertrophy of the pineal gland, and increased the nuclear diameters of pinealocytes in juvenile males while having no effect on the pineal cytology of juvenile females. Estradiol injection induced mitosis in the pinealocytes of adult ovariectomized and juvenile bandicoot rats. Thus, estradiol exhibited a dual action (stimulatory and inhibitory) on the pineal gland of this wild rat.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146127

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Experimental liver injury with different stages was provoked in rats with daily injected doses of thioacetamide (ThAA). The dose recommended for both male and female rats was 50 mg/kg body weight. The liver damages caused were acute, subacute, cirrhotic and necrotic, with a traumatization period of 2, 7, 14 and 21 days. The loss of body weight under traumatization, indicating osteopenia, was in the case of female rats during the first experimental week markedly accelerated, and in the two subsequent weeks apparently inhibited when compared to male rats. The loss of body weight of male rats revealed a progressive fall. Vital staining was made giving intraperitoneally 200 mg/kg body weight of alizarin red S (ARS). The staining intensity was improved in the acute stage for both calvaria and tibia and in the necrotic stage for tibia only. It was impaired in the subacute stage for calvaria and tibia and in the necrotic stage for calvaria only. Prolonged traumatization with ThAA causes pathological defects in the liver and kidneys. Furthermore, the epiphyseal cartilage of necrotic-stage rats was bright red without any ARS staining.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146128

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of low-intensity laser irradiation on pigment cells cultured by chorioallantoic method was studied. Laser irradiation influenced the cell shapes and sizes of the pigment cells. Metabolically, this treatment increased thymidine uptake and incorporation but reduced those of leucine. The phagocytic activity as measured by latex particles uptake was not affected. It was concluded that the biological effect of laser irradiation on cell cultures depends on the dose applied, the individual tissue and other factors.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146129

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Increasing interest in animal models of human nephropathies have led to a number of renal studies in nonhuman primates. In the current investigation, sequential detergent extraction of cellular elements was carried out on renal cortical tissue blocks from rhesus monkey in an effort to demonstrate clearly the morphological features of major basement membrane (BM) types and their associated extracellular matrix (ECM). LM and TEM views of acellular tissue blocks demonstrate planar arrangements of ECM components, while SEM studies provide striking three-dimensional images of their surface characteristics. All major BM types maintain their in vivo histoarchitectures despite the absence of cells. We propose that the intrinsic structural rigidity of tubular (TBM), Bowman’s capsule (BCBM) and peritubular capillary BM (PTCBM) may be related to their close external association with collagenous fibrils, while glomerular BM (GBM) may be internally supported by a network of mesangial matrix (MM) plates and trabeculae which extend onto internal surfaces of peripheral GBM loops. Thicknesses of rhesus monkey renal BMs show that they are similar to those seen in the laboratory rat and, in general, BCBM > TBM > GBM > PTCBM. We conclude that rhesus monkey renal BMs closely resemble those described by us in the human [J. Ultrastruct. Res. 82: 96–110, 1983] and that this species offers an attractive model for studies of renal diseases of BM origin-notably diabetes melli

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146130

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Starting from the carotid trigone, a surgical approach to the parapharyngeal part of the internal carotid artery is described. The retrostyloidal part of the lateropharyngeal space is opened up from laterocaudal after resecting the posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the styloidal muscles. Vulneration of the cranial nerves (VII, IX, X) has to be prevented.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146131

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An ultrastructural evaluation of a rapid tow-step freezing method, by which 6–7-day-old bovine embryos equilibrated in 1.4 M glycerol in Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline were frozen and thawed, was undertaken. In all non-frozen control embryos trophoblastic and embryonic cells formed a spherical structure enclosed by an intact zona pellucida. The spacial arrangement of the cells of the frozen embryos was less regular and the surrounding zona pellucida was damaged in approximately half of the cases. Some embryonic cells had increased electron density and lysosomal content showing reaction sites for acid phosphatase. In all frozen embryos, cytoplasmic defects appearing as non-membrane-bound ‘empty spaces’ were observed more frequently in the trophoblastic cells than in the embryonic cells. Culture of frozen embryos for 24 h revealed that cells appearing non-defective after culture may have the capability of organizing a viable embryonic structure. It was found that the most commonly used freezing method is associated with certain morphological changes. However, no additional cryoinjuries were observed in comparisons with the more complicated freezing procedures using dimethylsulfoxide as cryopro

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146132

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The regularity of a basketlike surrounding of parenchymatous parts of the liver by portal branches proves the lobular organization of the liver. The wall formation of the portal basket (corbicula portalis) is demonstrated by several figures.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146133

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

During the development of the mammalian secondary palate, the lateral palatine process (the palatal shelf) rises from the vertical plane beside the tongue to the horizontal plane above it. To determine the mode of elevation of the palatal shelf, we have cultured the whole ICR mouse fetus on day 14 (0–2 h) of gestation with a scratch as a marker at the distal edge of the anterior fourth of the vertical palatal shelf. After 6–18 h of culture, the survival ratio was 78.9% and the palatal shelf rose horizontally above the tongue in 22.2% of the surviving fetuses. The scratch was found as a scar on the oral epithelium laterally to the medial edge of the elevated palatal shelf. These results indicate that the medial edge of the horizontal shelf was newly formed from the medial wall of the preceding vertical-stage shelf during elevation, and that the palatal shelf was elevated by a remodeling process in the anterior half of the sh

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146134

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eighty-four human livers were investigated with regard to the existence of vascular communications within their biliary tracts. Even with the help of a most subtle technique we could not detect any junctions between the bile ducts, so that there is no evidence of primary anastomoses between the main lobes, between the segments, or inside the segments. In case of chronic biliary obstruction only the major ducts, e. g., up to the fourth generation, are amplified. There is an inflammatory reaction around the smaller vessels, followed by fibrosis and shrinking of the connective tissue. That is why the formation of secondary anastomoses cannot happen under pathological conditions.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146135

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Male rats were undernourished for one of three periods of time during suckling. They were subjected to undernutrition from birth to 8 days post-partum, birth to 15 days or birth to 22 days. The growth of the humerus, radius, femur and tibia was followed radiographically during the undernutrition and recovery periods. It was found that the lengths of these bones in animals undernourished from birth to 8 days were able to recover completely, while after the two longer periods of undernutrition, the animals were unable to recover. The results are not in complete agreement with those of previous workers and it is suggested that this may be due to differing rates of growth and maturation between the animals used in different studies.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000146136

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger