摘要:

In 1954, a shore party from the Soviet survey shipDonetsdiscovered a note in a broken whisky bottle on Herald Island off the northeast coast of Siberia in the Chukchi Sea. The faded document lay forgotten in Soviet archives for 17 years before it was noticed in 1971. Careful restoration of the message made it possible to establish that it had been left Sept. 29, 1881, by Master C. F. Putnam and Ensign H. J. Hunt of theRodgers, a converted American whaling ship, that was searching for the missingJeannette, commanded by Lieut. Comdr. George W. De Long. (The translation of the Soviet account of this find, prepared by William Barr of the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, is followed by his detailed commentary, based on contemporary accounts, recalling the circumstances of this episode in Arctic exploration.)

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388666

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A hundred years ago, in the summer of 1881, theRodgers, commanded by Lieut. Robert M. Berry was dispatched to the Chukchi Sea to search for theJeannette, which under the command of Lieut. Comdr. George W. De Long had entered the Chukchi Sea in an attempt to reach the North Pole in the summer of 1879 and had not been heard from. After searches of Wrangel Island and Herald Island, during one of which the recently discovered note was left, Lieutenant Berry established winter quarters at St. Lawrence Bay, on the Siberian side of the Bering Strait. On Nov. 30, 1881 theRodgerswas lost by fire but the entire crew escaped. They spent the winter as guests of the local Chukchi and were evacuated by the U.S. revenue steamerThomas Corwinin May 1882.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388667

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dating of Quaternary deposits on Spitsbergen has revealed the widespread distribution not only of traces of Late Wurm glacier activity (as was already well established) but also of Early Würm and Riss glaciations, as well as of interglacial marine transgressions. The date ranges of both glaciations and transgressions on Spitsbergen, as determined by these dating methods, are in good keeping with chronostratigraphic models for the Late and Middle Pleistocene from Europe.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388668

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The authors carried out palynological analyses of ten surface samples from October Revolution Island (Severnaya Zemlya). They also trapped airborne pollen and spores on the Vavilov Ice Cap. Tree pollen (from pine, spruce, alder, birch, and in one case lime) was well represented in all samples, although the local vegetation is that of various tundra associations. The results reinforce the dangers implicit in reconstruction of Pleistocene environments on the basis of palynology in the High Arctic.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388669

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The author examines the mean annual numerical values of the heat budget of the ice surface, the atmosphere and the ice surface‐atmosphere system at the Soviet Antarctic stations of Mirny and Vostok. The structure of the heat budget at the stations is discussed. The main source of heat energy at the edge of the ice sheet is found to be the heat from the crystallization of moisture in the atmosphere, and in the central portion of the ice sheet, the advection of heat from the ocean. The common cause of heat loss from both ice surface and atmosphere in the two regions is longwave radiation.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388670

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Variations in the position of the ice edge in the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic are examined both on a month‐to‐month and a year‐to‐year basis using satellite imagery for the period 1971–76. A comparison of the data with information on ice distribution in the first half of the 20th century suggests a substantial reduction of ice cover in the 1971–76 period.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388671

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Month‐to‐month variations in the position of the so‐called secondary frontal zone in the Scotia Sea are examined on the basis of data collected by the Soviet research vesselAkademik Knipovichin 1965–75. It is concluded that the seasonal displacements of the zone were small in 1965–75 because those years were part of the warm period that has been identified in the secular march of temperatures in the South Orkney Islands. The onset of a new thermal epoch may give rise to fairly substantial variations in the position of the secondary frontal zone.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388672

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378109388673

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor