ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors studied primarily nonmemory cognitive functioning in a sample of 13 melancholic patients tested prior to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and at various intervals during a 1–2 year post-ECT follow-up period. Compared with 13 age-matched normal controls, the patients performed significantly worse at baseline and immediately after the sixth ECT, but were not significantly different at the 30-day, 6-month, and 1–2 year assessments. At 1–2 years post-ECT, cognitive impairment among patients was substantially and significantly less than observed pre-ECT.

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a consecutive series of 117 depressed patients referred for electroconvulsive therapy, the 10 with secondary depression had significantly poorer outcomes according to three independently assessed measures—Hamilton rating scale score at discharge, global rating at discharge, and mean depressive symptom score during a 6-month follow-up.

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

With administration of 2 mg of dexamethasone 9 h before, serum cortisol levels were determined for the times just before and 30 min after the first and last electroconvulsive therapies (ECTs) of a series of at least six sessions. Twelve drug-free patients with melancholic or psychotic depression completed the study. Response to treatment was taken as a fall in the value of the Carroll rating scale. The average cortisol elevation over baseline was by 575% with the first ECT, 10 times larger than other studies in the literature that were done without dexamethasone. With the final ECT the elevation was lower (p < 0.01), averaging 181%. Post-ECT cortisol levels (and elevations over baseline) were lower after the final ECT than after the initial ECT, with 10 of the 11 patients who responded to this treatment (p < 0.005 vs. 50%). Consistent with this, the lone nonresponder showed a large increase in serum cortisol level and elevation over baseline from the first to the last treatment. The one responder who went against this trend had an unusually high baseline cortisol level, 24.1 μg/dl, which can be considered to disqualify his inclusion. The near-unanimous fall of post-ECT cortisol levels with remission suggests that defects in cortisol regulation are much more prevalent (p < 0.01) than those detected by the dexamethasone suppression test (36% in this sample).

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study evaluated the utility of two measures of the electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) stimulus: Total energy and rate of application of energy. Data for more than 2,000 trials drawn from six previous studies were divided into success and failure groups based on the production of a satisfactory clinical convulsion. The distributions and descriptive statistics for both measures and all studies were presented. The range for energy was 4–80+ J, with both successes and failures proportionately distributed across the entire range. Rate varied from 1 to 16+ J/s, also with proportional distribution. The presence of a different interpulse interval in some of the studies allowed a demonstration showing that the rate measure was susceptible to considerable influence by this stimulus characteristic. As clinical considerations reduce the number of observations made at the higher energy levels, it was concluded that the influence of both energy and rate of application was underestimated substantially. Both energy and rate supply useful information about the ECT stimulus, but are much too limited to serve as adequate descriptors. Clinical illustrations are provided.

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a retrospective study of 1,223 electroconvulsive therapy seizures, the incidence of prolonged seizures (those with durations greater than 120 s) was 4.25%. Prolonged seizures are rarely reported. The author speculates that the higher incidence reported here may be secondary to the higher succinylcholine dosage (0.75–1.0 mg/kg) employed at this center. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and blood pressure cuff monitoring techniques are compared. EEG monitoring is found superior to cuff monitoring for the detection of prolonged seizures.

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum prolactin levels 15 min after each of four consecutive electroconvulsive treatments (ECTs) in 16 male melancholics fell from the first to the fourth treatment. A larger mean prolactin response to ECT correlated with a slower treatment response, as measured by global outcome ratings after six ECTs and the total number of ECTs administered, both blind to prolactin levels. These findings were independent of baseline prolactin levels or treatment electrode placement; they are consistent with the hypothesis that ECT increases postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitivity. Although intriguing, they await confirmation in a larger sample.

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A patient with a history of nonresponse to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was treated with ECT modified by i.v. caffeine before electrical stimulation for some of the seizures. Seizures preceded by i.v. caffeine were longer, and led to marked clinical improvement. Caffeine pretreatment may be a method to enhance seizure length and efficacy in resistant patients.

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors describe an elderly depressed patient with asthma/emphysema who developed severe postictal bronchospasm immediately after one electroconvulsive treatment. Possible problems and considerations in treating such patients are discussed.

ISSN:0749-8055    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID