摘要:

SUMMARYThe high plasma Cortisol and ACTH levels present in pregnant women as well as the non‐parallelism of their plasma extract dilution curves in comparison with the standard curve in the ACTH radioimmunoassay, are evidence for the presence of an ACTH‐like substance during pregnancy which would interfere with the assay.Placental extracts were obtained by acid‐acetone extraction, followed by partial purification with oxycellulose and by extraction with porous glass powder. A substance was detected which partially cross‐reacted with synthetic human ACTH in the radioimmunoassay and which showed biological activity using the assay procedure described by Lipscomb&Nelson. The data sustain the existence of an ACTH‐like placental hormone: human chorionic corticotrop

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03299.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSerial plasma levels of prolactin, follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17β‐oestradiol (E) and progesterone (P) were determined by radioimmunoassay in ten healthy women during late pregnancy and puerperium until the occurrence of the first menstruation, at which moment an endometrial biopsy was taken. Prolactin concentrations, which were high during late pregnancy and the early post‐partum period, declined thereafter but remained above 30 ng/ml plasma during the period of breast‐feeding. FSH was nearly undetectable during late pregnancy and the first week post‐partum but returned to normal levels between days 7 and 18. Thereafter relatively high FSH levels were found during the period of hyperprolactinaemia. Following clearance of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) during the first 2 weeks post‐partum, LH remained below the normal cyclic range in all cases for at least 28 days. Placental E and P were fully cleared within 7 days. In spite of relatively high levels of FSH, E remained low as did LH during the period of hyperprolactinaemia. Thereafter E increased followed by an increase of LH, suggesting a positive feedback of E on LH release. The first menses observed in five subjects during the study were preceded by (subnormal P levels for a relatively short period although the endometrial biopsies showed only late prolifera

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03300.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSerial plasma levels of prolactin, follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17β‐oestradiol (E) and progesterone (P) were determined by radioimmunoassay in ten healthy women during late pregnancy and the puerperium during inhibition of lactation by Bromergocryptine. This medication was continued until the occurrence of the first menstruation, at which point an endometrial biopsy was taken. Prolactin was very effectively suppressed by Bromergocryptine in all patients, as was lactation. FSH was nearly undetectable during late pregnancy and the first week post‐partum with an increase back to normal levels between day 7 and day 12. Thereafter FSH levels were within the normal cyclic range. Following clearance of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) during the first 2 weeks post‐partum, LH was found within the normal cyclic range in all patients. From day 7 E increased in nine of ten patients to reach levels during the fourth week which are seen normally at the moment of the pre‐ovulatory E‐surge in cycling women. In eight of the ten cases this was concomitant with high levels of LH. The tenth patient showed a high E level at day 36. P was fully excreted within 7 days and remained low until approximately day 20. Thereafter an increase was demonstrated with levels as found during the luteal stage of the menstrual cycle in nine patients within 33 days and within 40 days in all ten patients. The endometrial biopsies showed clear signs of secretory activity. The probable action of prolactin on ovarian function is discussed. It is suggested that during the puerperium the ovaries are the more refractory part of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian axis, due probably to an influence of prolactin on the ovarian s

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03301.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYUnconjugated pregnenolone, progesterone, 17‐hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone and 5a‐dihydrotestosterone were simultaneously measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma from children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to a deficiency of 21‐hydroxylase (21‐OHase), 11 β‐hydroxylase (11β‐OHase) or 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β‐HSD). These steroids were also measured in a reference group of children of similar age.The following concentrations of these five steroids were observed in the prepubertal children aged 0‐4‐10‐9 years: pregnenolone<0‐2‐0‐85 ng/ml; progesterone 0‐17‐0‐68 ng/ml; 17‐hydroxyprogesterone 0‐10‐0‐53 ng/ml; testosterone<0‐05‐0‐14 ng/ml, and 5α‐dihydrotestosterone<0‐05 ng/ml (detection limit of the method).The concentrations were clearly elevated in the plasma of children with CAH. A very high plasma concentration of 17‐hydroxyprogesterone differentiates a 21‐OHase deficiency from the two other types: children with this defect had levels mostly in excess of 100‐fold that of normal. Plasma progesterone concentrations in these patients were also high being in the range found during the luteal phase level in the adult. Their plasma testosterone concentrations showed a scatter from normal values to high adult male levels being mostly at the level of adult females. The concentrations of 5a‐dihydrotestosterone were at or above those of adult males. A high plasma concentration of pregnenolone with at most slightly elevated progesterone and 17‐hydroxyprogesterone levels differentiated the 3β‐HSD defect from the other two forms of CAH. The plasma profile of the five steroids determined in a patient with an 11 β‐OHase deficiency was close to normal, but slightly elevated pregnenolone, progesterone and 17‐hydroxypro

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03302.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYCharacteristics of the‘clinical value index’(Harding et al., 1973) are examined. It is shown that the definition of the index makes it unsuitable for the comparative evaluation of various methods of assessing the results of an oral glucose tolerance t

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03303.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe therapeutic effect of transsphenoidal hypophysectomy with cryoapplication has been studied in twenty‐nine patients with active acromegaly. The mean follow‐up time was 15 months (3‐54 months).A significant improvement of symptoms and signs occurred in all but three patients. The level of plasma immunoreactive growth hormone (IRGH) was reduced in all but two patients and a normal level of plasma IRGH was achieved in sixteen patients. Skin thickness, the level of serum inorganic phosphorus and the urinary excretion of hydroxyproline and calcium were significantly decreased in the great majority of the patients.The operation was not accompanied by any visual complications, but cerebrospinal rhinorrhoea, subsiding spontaneously, developed in two and postoperative meningitis in one patient. Hypothyroidism and adrenocortical deficiency developed in eight, gonadotrophin deficiency in thirteen, and persistent diabetes insipidus in one patient.It is concluded that transsphenoidal hypophysectomy with cryoapplication is a safe and effective method for the treatment of acromegalic pat

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03304.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo female volunteers, of menstrual age, with severe idiopathic hirsutism were treated for eight cycles and fifteen cycles respectively with cyproterone acetate 50 mg twice daily on days 5‐14 of the cycle. In all but one cycle, ethinyl oestradiol in a dose of 50 μg daily from day 5 to day 21 was given in addition. Cyproterone acetate when given alone abolished the mid‐cycle LH surge. Combined therapy with cyproterone acetate and ethinyl oestradiol produced a significant improvement in both patients’hirsutism and was accompanied by a marked reduction in the urinary excretion of LH, FSH and androgens and by a fall in plasma testosterone. However, the clinical benefit derived from this drug was due principally to its action as a peripheral antian

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03305.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIn two adult patients with congenital poikiloderma (Rothmund‐Thomson syndrome) the following endocrine abnormalities were found: Patient 1, female, with short stature had primary amenorrhoea and did not develop secondary sexual characteristics. Despite lacking an oestrogen effect on the vaginal smear and the low urinary oestrogen excretion, basal LH and FSH and their response to LH‐RH were normal. At age 36 a parathyroid adenoma was diagnosed because of increased immunoreactive plasma parathyroid hormone and persistent hypercalcaemia. After removal of the tumour the patient remained normocalcaemic. The result of growth hormone response to insulin in the intermediate range was suggestive of partial deficiency. In patient 2, male, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism with small testes and high basal LH and FSH levels as well as increased LH and FSH response to LH‐RH were found. Plasma testosterone was normal. Endocrine abnormalities in previously published cases are summa

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBasal free fatty acid (FFA) turnover was found to be elevated or at the upper limit of normal in a patient with total lipodystrophy. The decrease in plasma FFA concentration which occurred after intravenous administration of insulin was shown to be primarily due to a fall in the inflow of FFA into the circulation. These results provide support for the suggestion that adipocytes in total lipodystrophy are able to synthesize triglyceride, but that they are unable to store it because of rapid lipolysis.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb03308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY