摘要:

SUMMARYLevels of progesterone, oestradiol and aldosterone in the plasma of twenty women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) were measured by radioimmunoassay and the results were compared with those from a control series of ten normal volunteers. All the PMS patients were apparently ovulatory but the pooled progesterone values from days −9 to −5 premenstrually were significantly lower than the control values (P<0·05). The oestradiol levels in the PMS patients were higher than in control subjects over the last 4 days of the cycle (P<0·01). There was no significance in aldosterone levels between the PMS and control groups. The relevance of these results to the aetiology of PMS is consi

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTesticular function was evaluated in forty‐one prepubertal patients with male pseudohermaphroditism by determinating serum concentrations of progesterone, 17‐hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone before and after stimulation with hCG and, in some instances, ACTH. Testosterone response to hCG was normal in all subjects. In one patient, a 4‐year‐old boy, a deficiency of 17,20‐desmolase activity was diagnosed based on the coexistence of elevated levels of pregnenolone, 17‐hydroxypregnenolone, progesterone and 17‐hydroxyprogesterone and low levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione. In three other patients enzymatic blocks were suspected but not confirmed. Congenital deficiency of enzymes neccessary for testosterone biosynthesis is an uncommon aetiology of male pseudohe

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBasal serum concentrations of LH and FSH and their response to LHRH were studied in twelve pre‐ and ten post‐menopausal women with Cushing's syndrome before and after treatment. Subnormal basal concentrations of LH were found in twelve out of twenty‐two, and of FSH in ten of the twenty untreated patients. There was a correlation between the urinary free cortisol (UFC) and basal LH values, r =−0·59 (P<0·05), and UFC and basal FSH values, r=−0·76 (P1080 nmol/24 h (normal range<270) had both a subnormal basal gonadotrophin level and a subnormal response of at least one gonadotrophin to the releasing hormone. In those patients in whom successful remission was obtained and who did not require replacement therapy, subnormal basal gonadotrophins were usually restored towards or into the normal range. It is concluded that while gonadotrophin levels may be normal in women with Cushing's syndrome, they are subnormal in those with the highest cortisol values. This may be due to a direct suppressive effect of cortisol on the release of stored pituitary hormone, and/or on LHRH release from the

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effect of 24‐h metyrapone administration on adrenal mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid pathways has been studied in normal children. Urine and serum steroid concentrations were evaluated. Simultaneous determinations of deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone (B), cortisol (F), and aldosterone (aldo), in both urine and serum, were carried out by celite column chromatography and radioimmunoassay. 11‐deoxycortisol (Compound S) in serum and urine, urinary free 18‐hydroxydeoxycorticosterone (18‐OH‐DOC), urinary free 18‐hydroxycorticosterone (18‐OH‐B), and urinary aldosterone‐18‐glucuronide (pH 1 aldo) were measured separately by specific methods. Conclusions drawn were that (1) Useful indices of metyrapone effect were the marked rise of 11‐deoxysteroids (DOC and S), and the fall of aldo and 18‐OH‐B; no changes occurred in 18‐OH‐DOC and the 11‐hydroxylated steroids (B, F); (2) Serum and urine values were significantly correlated, indicating that both were equally reliable in the evaluation of the metyrapone test; (3) Hormonal ratios indicate that metyrapone inhibition affected the 11‐hydroxylation of DOC and Compound S, and the 18‐hydroxylation of DOC and B; and (4) The correlation between DOC/B and S/F ratios was highly significant (r = 0·86;P<0·0001), showing the same degree of inhibition of 11‐hydroxylase functions for both 1

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effect of a long‐acting analogue of met‐enkephalin (DAMME) and naloxone on gonadotrophin secretion has been investigated in man. In menopausal women DAMME induced a progressive fall in LH to approximately 60% of basal levels at 3 h, which was blocked by naloxone; there was a smaller fall in FSH that did not attain statistical significance. However, the LHRH‐induced rise in LH and FSH in young male volunteers was unaffected by pretreatment with a high‐dose DAMME infusion. Naloxone infusion in young male and female normal subjects produced a significant rise in both LH and FSH. Long‐term infusion of naloxone appeared to increase the rate, and possibly the amplitude, of LH pulsatility. These results suggest that met‐enkephalin‐like opioid peptides exert a tonic inhibitory control of LH release in both menopausal and young subjects of both sexes. This control is most likely to be at the level of the hypothalamus, and involves modulation of pulsatile

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effects of androgen withdrawal and replacement were investigated in six hypergonadotrophic and six hypogonadotrophic men with hypogonadism. A double blind cross‐over design was used comparing testosterone undecanoate (T.U., Organon International), 160 mg daily by mouth, with placebo. There was a significant effect of T.U. on all measures of sexual interest and behaviour. Sexual interest increased within the first week of T.U. administration, ejaculation usually returning within the second week. Behavioural responses were similar in the hyper‐ and hypogonadotrophic groups.The rise in plasma testosterone during T.U. administration was modest, not reaching the normal range in several cases. 5α dihydrotestosterone rose more substantially. There was a significant fall in sex hormone binding globulin, a rise in oestradiol and no significant change in gonadotrophin concentrations during T.U. administra

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYWe present a patient with hypothyroidism secondary to Riedel's struma, treated with thyroxine and prednisolone, who developed clinical and radiological features of a unilateral orbital pseudotumour with lacrimal gland involvement; the histology of which was indistinguishable from that of the thyroid gland.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYWe have measured basal thyrotropin (TSH) in 945 consecutive patients of a general medical department. Additional thyroid tests were carried out in patients with elevated TSH. Thirty patients (3·1%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, i.e. an elevated TSH with no clinical signs and with a normal free thyroxine index. A cause was found in only fifteen of these thirty patients. Thirteen additional patients (1·37%) had mild or overt primary hypothyroidism, three of which were already diagnosed. This prevalence is three times higher than that found in a retrospective survey at the same hospital. Of the ten newly‐detected cases five were discharged on thyroid hormone replacement. In two patients the antithyroid drugs which were the cause of hypothyroidism were discontinued. The remaining three patients had severe non‐thyroidal illnesses and thyroid hormone was not prescribed. A cause for the hypothyroidism (autoimmune thyroid disease, post‐radioiodine, post‐thyroidectomy or antithyroid drugs) was established in all but two cases. The data suggest that thyroid function tests (preferably a TSH) should be performed on any patient with prior treatment to the thyroid and, in addition with very broad indications, perhaps even routinely, in all women over 50 yea

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00366.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe synthetic enzymes for melatonin production, serotonin‐N‐acetyltransferase (SNAT) and hydroxy‐indole‐O‐methyltransferase (HIOMT) were measured in post‐mortem pineal organs from eighty‐eight men and women. The activity of each enzyme was correlated with age and sex. No difference was seen in either parameter when the maximum or minimum activities were measured in the death time periods of the diurnal rhythm established earlier. However, an annual bimodal rhythm was seen in HIOMT activity with maximal values occurring in January and July and minimum activities in March and October. The SNAT and HIOMT enzymes have previously been shown to be stable when measured in pineal organs held under the usual post‐mortem conditions. Pineal HIOMT has also been measured in twenty‐one psychotic individuals. Whilst the schizophrenic group showed significantly increased values, the schizophrenic‐like group had normal values. The results were not affected by ante‐mortem or post‐mortem states or by drug treatment. Any clinical interpretation of pineal dysfunction in disease states need not, therefore, take into consideration age, or possibly sex, but should be aware of the normal diurnal rhythm as well as th

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00367.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA new sensitive and reproducible technique for the determination of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins is described. This procedure employs cells obtained from primary culture of human thyroid gland. We measured the increase of cyclic AMP after addition of patient sera. The major advantages of this procedure are the improved sampling throughout with the ability to measure eighty samples simultaneously without fractionation of serum. This large sample allows us to test forty sera together and to assay in duplicate, thus increasing the validity of the results. The TSI activity is associated with the immunoglobulins G (IgG) fraction and we obtained a linear dose response curve with IgG as well as with whole serum. The results obtained in various thyroid diseases are discussed.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00368.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY