摘要:

Adult persons, 17 years old or older, with newly diagnosed (incident) epileptic seizures were prospectively identified in a community-based study. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings when awake and/or during sleep were performed in 103 persons (96.3%). Epileptiform activity was recorded during wakefulness in 18 of 101 persons (18%) and during sleep in another 11 persons (10.7%) of whom 10 had no epileptiform activity on wake EEGs. Pathological findings on EEGs recorded during sleep or when awake were more common in persons with partial seizures than in those with primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. EEG recording during sleep significantly increased the proportion of pathological findings in partial seizures compared with other seizure types. 45 persons (42.1%) were neuroradiologically investigated by both computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a low-field-strength imager (0.02 tesla). 2 persons with normal CT had pathological findings on MRI. 4 persons with normal MRI had pathological findings on CT.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116648

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Sixteen parkinsonian patients with daily fluctuations in the clinical response to levodopa have been placed on a redistribution protein diet. The diet was virtually protein-free until the evening meal and then unrestricted until bedtime. While on the redistribution protein diet, a group of patients (5 out of 16) had a clear and significant benefit from dietary therapy showing a definite reduction of diurnal motor performance fluctuations. In addition, all patients tended to show an improvement and a more constant response to levodopa treatment. A trial of redistribution protein diet appears a simple, reasonable, worthwhile approach to PD patients who begin to experience oscillating clinical response to levodopa treatment.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116649

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

When blood flow through the internal and external carotid arteries is completely interrupted by ipsilat-eral common carotid artery occlusion, the arterial orbital circulation may be more compromised than the brain supply. We studied a pure and extreme example of this situation in a patient who presented with acute orbital infarction, but no cerebral ischemia on clinical, CT and single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) grounds. Ipsilateral blindness corresponded to retinal, choroidal and optic nerve infarction. The pattern of ophthalmoplegia, with relative sparing of adduction, was more compatible with a muscle than a nerve dysfunction, but an areactive dilated pupil, corneal anesthesia, and orbital pain suggested that the intraorbital branches of the ocular motor nerves and ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve were not spared. In addition, signs of widespread ocular ischemia were present. Sequential examinations documented the evolution pattern over 1 year. The absence of an orbital collateral supply from the contralateral external carotid and muscular cervical arteries systems, which contrasted with an adequate middle cerebral artery supply via the contralateral internal carotid artery, may explain this isolated and complete form of orbital ischemia due to common carotid artery occlusion.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116650

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Posterior tibial somatosensory evoked potentials were obtained in a group of cystic fibrosis patients and age-matched controls. A small but significant delay of the lumbar potential and larger delays of the early scalp potentials were observed. These findings are consistent with earlier pathological studies demonstrating involvement of the somatosensory system in cystic fibrosis.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116651

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We report the electrophysiological findings of the central and peripheral somatosensory pathways in 20 patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy. Changes in sensory action potentials of the median nerve were observed in 14 patients and consisted of reduced sensory potential amplitudes associated in 10 cases with an increase in distal latencies. Sixteen out of 20 patients also showed changes in somatosensory evoked potentials after stimulation of the median nerve, consisting of decreased amplitude of N13 (13 cases) and N20 (16 cases) components, associated with increased N9-N13 interpeak latency in 9 and N13-N20 in 14 patients. The origin of these alterations is discussed.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116652

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide YY (PYY) and somatostatin (SOM) were assayed with specific radioimmunological methods in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of healthy volunteers, 12 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 11 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) and 10 patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Patients with NPH were reinvestigated 3 months after a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation. DSIP, PYY and SOM levels in CSF were decreased in patients with NPH compared to controls. The CSF concentration of SOM was also significantly reduced in patients with AD. No correlations were found between the degree of dementia in any of the illnesses and the CSF concentrations of the peptides. The concentration of DSIP, VIP and SOM increased significantly in parallell to the clinical improvement after the shunt operation in NPH patient

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116653

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The rare case of a 19-year-old man who suffered a fulminant course of ‘subacute’ sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) leading to death in 6 weeks from the onset of the first symptoms is described. This patient was part of the first reported SSPE cluster in the Netherlands, of which the other 3 patients died 2–6 years after diagnosis was made. In addition, a review of the literature on the rare occurrence of rapidly progressive SSPE was perf

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116654

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

119 patients were enrolled in a double-blind randomized parallel study versus placebo carried out to assess both the efficacy and tolerability of L-deprenyl (10 mg/day) for treatment of patients with organic mental disorders of the Alzheimer type (DAT). The treatments were given for 3 months, starting after a run-in period of 15 days to evaluate efficacy. A complete neuropsychological battery was administered monthly after the start of treatment whereas tolerability was assessed by checking, recording and classifying all the unfavorable experiences occurring. According to the results, L-deprenyl would seem to be a useful and reliable tool for the treatment of DAT patients in an attempt to improve their cognitive functions and reduce behavioral alterations, without frequent or severe side effects.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116655

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000203227

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1912

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Kearns-Sayre syndrome has been associated with large heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA deletions and morphological alterations at the cytological level. We have measured the activities of different respiratory chain complexes in 3 patients presenting mitochondrial DNA deletions and found no close correlation between gene deletions and enzymatic activities. These data, therefore, point out the importance of analyses at the mitochondrial DNA level in such mitochondrial disorders because gross biochemistry may miss any defect.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116656

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger