ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116453

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The term lacuna or lacunar cavity defines the pathological lesion while the clinical pictures due to lacuna or lacunes are referred to as ‘lacunar syndromes’. The lacunar syndromes include: (1) the typical lacunar syndromes or lacunar syndromes proper - pure motor hemiplegia, pure sensory stroke, ataxic hemiparesis including dysarthria and clumsy hand, sensorimotor stroke and abnormal movement syndromes, (2) reversible ischemic attacks (TIA and/or PTIA or RIND), (3) other clinical syndromes which may be due to lacunar lesions such as suprabulbar palsy; lacunar dementia, or subacute arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (or Binswanger’s disease). The different clinical pictures are reviewed, some mechanisms underlying the lacunar lesion are briefly discussed and the old label ‘small vessel diseases’ in cases with lacunes is rec

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116454

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fifty consecutive patients with ischemic lacunar syndrome are described. Seventeen of them had a negative CT brain scan and 33 had CT evidence of lacunar infarcts. These data are compared with previous reports.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116455

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A series of 92 patients with lacunar infarcts identified by CT brain scan are described. Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, clinical aspects and outcome are analyzed. Our cases show unusual clinical syndromes in a remarkable number of subjects, indicating the usefulness of performing a CT brain scan.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116457

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Six cases with CT scan evidence of paramedian thalamic lacunar infarcts in the region of the paramedian thalamic arteries (4 unilateral left and 2 bilateral) are described. The main acute symptoms included disorders of consciousness, hypersomnia and sometimes vertical gaze paresis. An amnesic syndrome of variable degree and duration was observed in all cases, and in 1 of them was still present 2 years after the onset. In addition, we report a case of lateral thalamic infarction, which showed a predominantly aphasic (transcortical sensory type) clinical picture.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116458

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One hundred and ninety-one brains were examined for lacunae and other cavitary cysts. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies by means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method for glial fibrillary acidic protein were carried out. Lacunae are small cavitary softenings observed on pathological examination and must be differentiated from cribriform cavities which are dilatations of perivascular space with or without impairment of the surrounding nervous tissue. A large number of cribriform cavities surrounded by rarefied perivascular nervous tissue and located in the basal ganglia can be accounted for pseudobulbar palsy or extrapyramidal syndromes.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116459

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Binswanger’s disease is the name which has been given to a form of subcortical vascular dementia. These patients have a particular clinical profile which progressively includes strokes, gait disorder, pseudobulbar signs and cognitive impairment suggesting dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex. The radiological pattern of hypodensity of the white matter on CT scan (or an increased MRI signal), albeit much debated, seems to be more closely associated with hypertension, previous strokes and neuropsychological defects. Binswanger’s disease probably represents the end stage of a pathological process in which hypertensive arteriolopathy, demyelination of the centra semiovale and deep infarcts all play a r

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116460

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A neuropathological study was carried out in 4 cases of ischemic stroke with leuko-araiosis (LA), 3 cases of clinically suspected Binswanger’s subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (SAE) also showing LA, and 3 cases without LA. Unlike the SAE cases, in 3 of the cases in the first group the white matter changes corresponding to LA could not be explained by ischemic mechanisms related to small vessel change

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116461

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Leuko-araiosis (LA) is a descriptive term coined by Hachinsky et al. to indicate bilateral and nearly symmetrical areas of decreased density of the periventricular white matter and centra semiovalia seen on CT or MRI scan. These findings are frequently observed in elderly people, but they seem to be more frequent or more severe in demented patients regardless of the etiology. Neurological abnormalities observed in patients with LA are nonspecific and insufficient to describe a definite clinical picture. The hypothesis that LA could be vascular in origin, even in Alzheimer patients is attractive but unproven.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116462

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lacunes consist of small vascular lesions with a volume of between 2 and about 30 mm. These lacunar infarctions are determined by an ischemia caused by obstructive diseases of small terminal vessels in the deep areas of the brain. While magnetic resonance currently appears to be a more sensitive diagnostic tool than computed tomography (CT) as far as research into small cerebral lesions is concerned, CT still remains a very valid and more convenient instrument for the screening of these quite frequent pathologies.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116463

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger