摘要:

Transmission of trains of stimuli were investigated in human sensory median, ulnar and sural nerves. Trains of ten stimuli with frequencies ranging from 100 to 500 cps were applied. Parameters of the first and tenth nerve action potential were compared. With rising frequency there was an increasing diminution of amplitude and prolongation of latency.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114625

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Relative and absolute refractory periods were determined in sensory fibres of 24 median nerves and in 19 sural nerves of 30 volunteers aged 20–60 years, who had no sign of a neuromuscular disorder. The critical interval of conduction (absolute refractory period) was found to be about 0.7 msec. In median as well as in sural nerve the relative refractory periods were about 5 times the absolute refractory period, measuring the amplitude, and about 3.5 times the absolute refractory period, measuring the latencies. Reasons for the reduction of amplitude and prolongation of latency during the relative refractory period are discussed. Slightly significant differences between the two age groups (20–35 and 40–60 years) have been found with respect to the relative amplitude in median nerves, but not in sural nerves and not with respect to the relative latency in either median or sural n

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114626

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Results of electromyographic and neurographic investigations in 19 patients with 24 carpal tunnel syndromes (CTS) were compared with the results obtained from 19 healthy control persons. Investigating conventional neurographic and electromyographic parameters significant changes of electrophysiological data have been registered in only a part of CTS. Stimulating the median nerve sensory fibres with short trains of ten supramaximal 100–500 cps electric stimuli and neurographic recording provided more distinct information. The relative amplitude of the tenth action potential response of each train was significantly more reduced in the patients than in the control nerves and the respective latencies were significantly prolonged in CTS (p<0.01 and p<0.001). Out of the patients group 5 patients with clinical manifest CTS had normal EMG and ENG findings when investigated with conventional methods. But application of trains of frequent stimuli showed significant alterations of the relative amplitude and latency of the tenth action potential response (p<0.001 and p<0.01). The clinically unaffected, contralateral hands of 8 patients with unilateral CTS were investigated with trains of stimuli. At 400 cps the relative amplitude of the tenth action potential was slightly reduced (p<0.05) and the latency was significantly prolonged (p<0.01) as compared with the values obtained from healthy control persons. The neurographic analysis of the responses to trains of frequent electric stimuli may thus be useful in the early diagnosis of CTS which cannot yet be diagnosed using conventional neurophysiological method

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114627

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Supramaximal paired stimuli were used for investigating the relative refractory period of median nerve sensory fibres in the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Results from 11 hands with CTS (8 patients) were compared with results from 12 hands of 8 healthy control persons. During the relative refractory period the latency of the action potential was significantly more prolonged in CTS than in control nerves (p<0.01), the amplitude was significantly more depressed in CTS than in control median nerve sensory fibres (p<0.001). Applying paired stimuli to median nerve sensory fibres provides useful additional information for the diagnosis of CTS.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114628

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Conduction velocity and action potential amplitudes of sensory nerve fibres have been reported to be slightly reduced in patients with alcoholic polyneuropathy. These statistical differences between patients and control groups are not helpful in the diagnosis of individual cases. Sural and median sensory nerve fibres of 8 alcoholics were examined, the results were compared with those of a group of 19 volunteers. By applying trains of frequent stimuli and evaluation of the latency and amplitude of the tenth response in each train, abnormal function could be demonstrated even in nerves with apparently normal conduction velocities and amplitudes on conventional examination. In discussing the results, histological findings are taken into consideration.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114629

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Sural nerves of 7 uremic patients were investigated electroneurographically and with paired stimuli. The patients had no clinical manifest polyneuropathy and on electromyography no abnormalities of motor innervation. As compared with 15 healthy control persons, conduction velocity was slightly decreased in the patient group (54.9–47.1 m/sec, p<0.01). Application of paired stimuli showed a significant (p<0.01) reduction of the amplitude of the test response in patients already at 3.0-msec stimulus interval and conduction block in 3 of 7 nerves at 1.0-msec stimulus interval. In controls, the test response was still conducted at intervals below 0.8 msec. In contrast to the controls, the latencies of the test responses in the patients were significantly prolonged already at stimulus intervals of 3 and 5 mse

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114630

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Levels of homovanillic (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and probenecid in cerebrospinal fluid were estimated in 42 patients with Parkinson’s disease undergoing the probenecid test. Relationship of the levels of amine metabolites and the serverity of the illness and the improvement after L-dopa therapy were established. One group of patients was treated with L-dopa alone, while the other was treated with L-dopa in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor. We found a very high correlation between the HVA levels and improvement after L-dopa therapy in patients with relatively high levels of the dopamine catabolite. Patients with normal HVA levels in the cerebrospinal fluid did not respond to L-dopa. Also patients with extremely low HVA levels did not respond to L-dopa in a predictable way. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid was related to the pretreatment severity of illness. The present results suggest that the effec-tivity of L-dopa therapy is related in part to the deficiency of the central dopamine-containing system, while 5-hydroxytryptamine is also involved in Parkinson’s disease. With the probenecid test it is possible to predict L-dopa therapy failure only in those patients with relatively high HVA levels in lumbar cerebrospinal fl

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114631

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Basal ganglia calcifications have been reported in cases of abnormality of parathyroid glands function showing various clinical manifestations. Two cases of familial idiopathic basal ganglia and possibly dentato-rubro-striatum system calcification exhibiting features of ‘dystonia musculorum deformans’ are reported and the pathogenesis of the disease is discus

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114632

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ten unselected patients with Parkinson’s disease were treated with MIF alone. In the acute trial maximum improvement occurred 2 h after intravenous infusion. After 14 days of treatment a slight but statistically significant improvement of the entire status was seen. Tremor at rest, facial changes, speech and script reacted most favourably, whereas akinesia and rigidity showed little, if any change. Clinical findings and psychological test results recorded during and after treatment revealed an emotional change by the drug. In patients who improved, mood and drive changed to the positive in contrast to the non-improved, with mood deterioration and increased restlessness. A central effect is assumed which, through an increase in the feeling of well-being, causes the changes in the syndrom

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114633

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Small areas of myocardial necrosis were found in 36 of 100 patients dying secondary to central nervous system disease, such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, parenchymal intracerebral hemorrhage, encephalomalacia, and various brain tumors. The myocardial lesions were observed with increasing frequency in the following disorders: subarachnoid hemorrhage, parenchymal intracerebral hemorrhage, encephalomalacia, and brain tumors. The main factor in the pathogenesis of these myocardial lesions appears to represent neurohumoral mechanisms with a hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. These findings may be important for human cardiac transplantation.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114634

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger