摘要:

56 stroke patients were investigated with the new non-invasive method of transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD), operating with a range-gated pulsed 2 MHz Doppler. In 28,6% of the 56 patients TCD provided additional information about the status of the basal cerebral arteries. The results of the TCD investigation were confirmed by angiography in 14 patients. This result indicates that TCD is a valuable non-invasive method of high accuracy for the detection of intracranial brain artery diseases and collateral flow mechanisms.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116323

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 63-year-old Caucasian man was admitted for Wallenberg’s syndrome following a left vertebral artery thrombosis. In addition to the classical symptoms, an axial lateropulsion to the left and ocular motor disorders (vertical diplopia, tonic deviation of the gaze to the left, skew deviation and horizonto-rotatory nystagmus) were present. These clinical signs are unusual, but in common Wallenberg’s syndrome, neurophysiological tests often reveal slight abnormalities of oculomotor function: impairment of jerks, skew deviation, lateral deviation of the gaze in darkness. Interruption of cerebellar pathways is thought to be the cause of these symptoms. Their existence does not seem to change the outcome of these ca

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116314

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The dihydroketo and dihydromonohydroxy analogues of carbamazepine (GP 47680 and GP 47779) were tested against carbamazepine for efficacy and tolerability in 13 patients (6 male and 7 female, mean age 69 years) and 11 patients (5 male and 6 female, mean age 64 years), respectively, all of whom were suffering from trigeminal neuralgia. Both derivatives brought about freedom from symptoms or a marked reduction in the pain in all patients. Onset of effect was observed within 48 h in most cases. For both analogues the effective dose was between 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight in most patients. There was a linear relationship, with a correlation coefficient of 0.83 (n = 36; p < 0.001), between the doses and the serum level. Doses almost twice as high as those of carbamazepine are needed in order to achieve freedom from symptoms with the carbamazepine analogues. Since unwanted effects, in the form of dizziness and ataxia, occur much less frequently than with carbamazepine, the analogues can be administered in higher doses.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116315

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The report deals with the changes of brain functions in the course of traumatic apallic syndrome (TAS) by means of the EEG examination, in the classical way, and by computer analysis as well. The development of EEG changes during individual stages of the TAS is studied. The EEG examination was performed repeatedly in 35 patients from the first days up to several years after injury. As for EEG findings as a possible prognostic index, the authors find that a gradual increase of frequency from delta to theta and alpha zones can be considered a favourable prognostic.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116316

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A quantitative analysis of the cardiovascular risk factors in 101 stroke patients and their reduction by dietary treatment is given. From the risk factors a risk index was calculated. It was reduced from an average 4.9 at admission to 1.4 at discharge. The most frequent risk factors at admission (high triglycerides, high blood pressure and a high LDL/HDL ratio) are probably caused by ‘normal’ alcohol consumption and overweight. All patients were disused from smoking and alcohol. Under a low-caloric diet all risk factors were reduced within one month. Most diabetic patients became independent of drug treatment: A treatment of type II diabetes mellitus with oral antidiabetic drugs could be avoided even in the elderly patients by a low caloric diet without alcohol. On average there was a 4.8 mg% decrease of fasting triglycerides and a 5.7 mg% decrease of total cholesterol per 1% Broca Index reduction. HDL was increased in all patients despite withdrawal of alcohol, and the HDL/LDL ratio was significantly improved by the diet. There was a significant blood pressure reduction in the whole group; in addition there was a weight-related reduction in the hypertensive patients only: the systolic blood pressure was reduced by 9.3 mm Hg for each 10% Broca Index decrease. The atherogenic and hypertensive potencies of ‘normal’ alcohol consumption and sulfonylurea treatment are emp

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116317

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000209752

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1909

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We report a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) who developed left-sided neglect. Although MS is commonly associated with mental status changes, we believe that this is the first reported case of hemineglect. The deficit is probably related to the location, acuteness, size, and right hemispheric predominance of lesions in this patient.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116318

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) function of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) was investigated in 30 patients with PD, and in 21 healthy subjects of similar age by utilizing cardiovascular reflex measurements as indicators. In deep breathing, in the Valsalva manoeuvre, and in the tilting test the heart rate variability (R-R variation) differed significantly between the patients and the controls: the beat-to-beat variation was clearly decreased in patients with PD. Responses in diastolic pressure to isometric work were also clearly diminished. However, no significant differences in any measured ANS indices were found between the patients who were treated with levodopa and those who were not. Similarly, anticholinergics did not seem to affect the result

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116319

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000209753

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1909

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A long-term open multicenter trial was carried out in 15 European centers with therapy-resistant epileptics to evaluate the efficacy and safety of progabide, a new antiepileptic GABA receptor agonist; 187 patients, suffering from partial epilepsy (57%), primary generalized epilepsy (20%), secondary generalized epilepsy (21 %), and unclassified generalized epilepsy (2 %), participated in the study. All patients had a total seizure frequency higher than one per month in spite of standard antiepileptic medication; 46 % had a mean partial seizure frequency from daily to weekly. Progabide was administered at a mean daily dose of 30.5 mg/kg/day as an add-on to the standard antiepileptic drugs up to one year in 115 patients; 37 patients (19.8%) dropped out because of reasons which were not drug-related (bad compliance, lost to follow-up); in 12 patients (6.5%) progabide was withdrawn for side effects and in 20 (10.7%) for lack of efficacy. 71.3% of patients treated for one year (62% considering the ‘cumulative’ number of patients) experienced more than a 50% reduction in seizure frequency. This reduction was equally present in patients with partial epilepsy (63.9%) and with generalized epilepsy (62.2% of patients with primary and 57.1% with secondary generalized epilepsy). No signs of tolerance phenomena to the antiepileptic effect of progabide were observed. No side effects were reported in 56.7% of the patients. Clinical side effects were mild and transient, leading to progabide discontinuation in 6.5% of the patients only; an increase in SGPT was observed in 5.7% of the patients, these increases were transient and without any clinical symptom. The results of this long-term study confirm the results from several open and controlled trials and show that progabide is a valuable antiepileptic also in long-term ther

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116320

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger