ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800101

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800103

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Short bowel syndrome is the clinical manifestation of a fundamental reduction in the functional intestinal absorptive surface area and malabsorption. The development of total parenteral nutrition has improved the natural course of this disease. Home parenteral nutrition‐related complications continue to generate significant morbidity and mortality for these patients. Small‐bowel transplantation is an alternative to home parenteral nutrition. There are significant risks of graft rejection and the potential complications oflong‐term immunosuppression. Small‐bowel transplantation is an option, but it should be reserved for patients no longer considered candidates for continued home parenteral nutrition.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800105

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Renal, hepatic, and cardiac transplantation are now recognized as acceptable methods for treating end‐stage organ failure. Obtaining optimum results in such patients requires not only skillful surgical technique and postoperative immunosuppression but also stabilization of the patient preoperatively. This stabilization includes a number of physiologic parameters. One of the most important of these is the correction of preexisting nutritional deficits. Each type of end‐stage organ disease creates unique nutritional problems. This article reviews these deficiencies and makes recommendations as to the appropriate nutrition protocols that can optimize results in the patient who undergoes organ transplantation.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800112

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bone marrow transplantation is a complex therapy designed as curative for a variety of malignant and nonmalignant diseases. It is a highly invasive procedure that uses high‐dose chemotherapy and may also include radiation treatment. This results in immunosuppression that is often followed by infection, graft‐vs‐host disease, pulmonary complications, veno‐occlusive disease of the liver, and metabolic and nutritional abnormalities. Parenteral nutrition has been the mainstay of nutrition support in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Parenteral nutrition has not been uniformly successful in improving nutritional status or outcome. Enteral nutrition offers many theoretical advantages but is often not well tolerated. Coordinated efforts of the health care team are needed to optimize the nutrition support of these complicated cases.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800119

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patients who undergo organ transplantation receive immunosuppressive drugs in the posttrans‐plant period. All of these drugs influence host metabolic response or alter nutrient intake. One of the most prominent aspects of the posttransplant period is the occurrence of hyperlipidemia, which may require dietary or pharmacologic control. Dietary recommendations for this patient population include limiting carbohydrate intake, restricting caloric intake to maintain ideal body weight, and maintaining a low cholesterol/saturated fat diet.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800128

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369300800107

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hyperemesis gravidarum, an antepartem disorder characterized by severe nausea and vomiting, is usually a benign condition with a favorable outcome. Although no increase in fetal or maternal morbidity results, the disorder has deleterious effects on both nutrition and everyday life. The authors describe a treatment protocol for hyperemesis gravidarum that uses continuous infusion of an iso‐osmolar tube‐feeding product and their experiences with its use in 30 patients. Uniformly good symptom relief was obtained by this technique, thus avoiding the need for more invasive therapy. It is proposed that this treatment is a safe and effective means of managing severe nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800133

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patients who are candidates for liver transplantation are predisposed to severe nutritional depletion because of their underlying hepatic dysfunction.Nutrition‐associated complications, particularly infection and poor wound healing, are common causes of morbidity and mortality among adults with chronic liver disease and malignancy who are referred for liver transplantation. During the preoperative period, maintenance or repletive nutrition is provided to the patient with hepatic failure. The patient's postoperative period is characterized by the catabolic response to a major operation, the progressive improvement of hepatic graft function, and the persistent compensatory renal abnormalities that are associated with liver failure. The nutrition management of the patient with liver failure has been well described.Nutrition intervention during the intraoperative and postoperative periods remains enigmatic.The following case report describes the nutrition management of a liver transplant recipient in the intraoperative and postoperative periods.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/011542659300800136

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369300800111

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY