摘要:

AbstractThis study prospectively investigated the prognostic significance over 1 and 2 years of objectively assessed ego functioning in a group of 37 eating disordered patients. Previously, ego functioning was found to vary substantially within the group, and to be unrelated to symptomatic aspects (Norring et al., 1989). Differences in ego pathology proved to be a strong predictor of status in terms of overall mental health, work adjustment, and self‐rated emotional problems, and was superior to other variables (e.g., binge eating, duration) in this respect. More specifically, deficits in the regulation of self‐esteem were suggested to be particularly important for prognosis. Status in terms of eating disorder symptomatology was predicted strongly the first year, but not the second. Post hoc analyses suggested that during the second year those with more severe ego disturbances caught up on the advantage held by the others. It is concluded that differences in ego pathology are of importance for prognosis with respect to overall psychological and social functioning in eating disorders, and may be so for the eating disturbance its

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<1::AID-EAT2260100102>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have reviewed 19 “body image” studies on anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa published recently. In general, eating disorder patients overestimate their body width more often than do normal controls and are usually more disparaging toward their body. However, we contend that it is unnecessary and unwarranted to envoke the term “body image disturbance” to explain these research findings. We suggest that further research in the area of “body disparagement” or the characteristic attitude of “weight phobia,” “fear of fatness,” or “pursuit of thinness” may be yet fruitful without this problematic concept.Theories are not true or false, they are fertile or sterile. —Claude Bernard.When I use a word, Humpty Dumpty said in rather a scornful tone, It means just what I choose i

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<15::AID-EAT2260100103>3.0.CO;2-I

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty women and twenty men consumed an experimental lunch that was either high or low in carbohydrate, with or without knowledge of its contents. Measures were taken of the amount and kinds of food they ate as well as self‐reported ratings of their desire and willingness to eat at an ad libitum meal offered to them four hours later. The total intake and the amount of protein eaten in their ad libitum meals were significantly higher when they had an experimental meal rich in carbohydrate, although no similar effects occurred for the amount of carbohydrate eaten in the ad libitum meals. Separate analyses of the women categorized as high or low in restraint and disinhibition, using Stunkard and Messick's (1958) Eating Questionnaire, add new information about the parameters of “counterregulatory eating.” The implications of these findings for an improved understanding of episodic binge eating are disc

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<31::AID-EAT2260100104>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractData on the frequency and time distribution of bulimic episodes were examined in three groups of patients: those who reported binge eating and vomiting, those who reported binge eating and laxative abuse, and those who reported binge eating and both vomiting and laxative abuse. The probability of binge eating increased during the afternoon and evening for all three groups. Those who did not use laxatives reported a high frequency of binge eating, whereas those who used laxatives exclusively usually did so very late in the day.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<43::AID-EAT2260100105>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObese binge eaters evidence greater disturbance than do obese nonbingers on various eating and weight‐related characteristics and on many psychopathological dimensions as well. The present study attempted to specify the nature of risk factors for binging further by regressing factors from the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) and the Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire onto a measure of binge eating. Five variables were shown to reliably predict binge eating in a double cross‐validation procedure. Of these 5 variables, four assessed eating and weight‐related characteristics rather than psychopathology. The possible relevance of these predictor variables for understanding the causes of binge eating was con

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<49::AID-EAT2260100106>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough recent studies on bulimia nervosa have yielded lower incidence rates for the disorder when using the DSM‐IIIR, rather than the DSM‐III criteria, none measured differences in emotional disturbances between those bulimics who meet the revised criteria and those who do not. Young women (50 ballet dancers and 56 nondancers) from a larger study on the complications of amenorrhea were grouped into three categories; nonbulimics, DSM‐III bulimics, and DSM‐IIIR (revised criteria) bulimics. Women were surveyed for eating disturbance, concurrent psychopathology, past histories of anorexia nervosa, and family history of emotional and eating disorders. Differences between bulimic groups were found for nondancers, as DSM‐IIIR bulimics scored significantly higher than nonbulimics on measures of bulimic thought and behaviors, depression, and emotional disturbance. In addition, a significantly higher proportion of DSM‐IIIR bulimics than nonbulimics reported that they had had anorexia nervosa in the past and that they had relatives with bulimia nervosa. For dancers, other than the measure of interpersonal distrust, no significant differences were found between the three groups. Results of the study indicate that bulimia nervosa as defined by the revised criteria (DSM‐IIIR) is associated with more emotional problems than is bulimia nervosa according t

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<57::AID-EAT2260100107>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<67::AID-EAT2260100108>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs part of an epidemiological study concerning young people and their health, adolescents between the ages of 12–19 (n = 3288) were asked to fill out a questionnaire concerning their eating habits. Repeated eating binges, use of a strategy in order to control weight, preoccupation with body shape, and feelings of selfdepreciation following binges indicated the incidence of bulimia to be 0.7% (0.2% boys and 1.1% girls) according to DSM‐III‐R diagnostic criteria, and 1.3% (0.6% boys and 1.9% girls) according to DSM‐III criteria. A larger group of subjects presenting eating disorders symptoms, although not necessarily all diagnostic criteria for bulimia, was identified and studied also. Somatic problems, fatigue, and difficulties in sleeping, as well as depressive symptoms appear more frequent within the group of those who present bulimic behaviors than in the group of those who

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<81::AID-EAT2260100109>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of self‐perceived dieting ability on restrained eaters was tested in a study directly manipulating such self‐perceptions. The hypothesis that a dieter's perception of her own dieting ability would affect how she handled an acute challenge to her diet was tested by manipulating the restrained eater's view of themselves as good or bad dieters. Restrained and unrestrained subjects were given ad lib access to ice cream after either a high‐calorie preload or no preload. As predicted, dieters induced to see themselves as “good” ate less after the preload than did dieters whose self‐perception was not manipulated, but dieters who saw themselves as “bad” also reduced their intake. Over the next week, restrained subjects in general lost more weight, with those who had been led to focus on their dieting ability in the face of a challenge, being mainly responsible

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<91::AID-EAT2260100110>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty female subjects were followed up an average of 4.6 years after being hospitalized for anorexia nervosa. Insight into illness, symptoms, and treatment was rated for index hospitalization and assessed at follow up using the Schedule for Assessment of Insight. In addition, subjects were interviewed and assessed for level of function, symptoms of eating disorders, and the presence of significant psychopathology. The Insight Rating at index hospitalization was correlated with the Global Insight Score at follow up and with EAT score at follow up. Subjects with longer lengths of stay and greater increase in Body Mass Index during index hospitalization had higher levels of insight at both times of measurement. At followup, both Global Insight Score and assessment of subjects' ability to acknowledge illness were correlated with a variety of positive outcome measures, suggesting that insight may be an important therapeutic factor to consider in assessment and treatment of anorexia nervosa.

ISSN:0276-3478    

DOI:10.1002/1098-108X(199101)10:1<101::AID-EAT2260100111>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY