ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2802954

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881642

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Hysteresis is Hysteresis is a familiar macroscopic phenomenon in the behavior of magnetic materials: When a sample is subjected to a varying external magnetic field, its magnetization curve does not, in general, retrace its steps as the external field in a fixed direction is swept from a large negative value to a large positive value and then back again. But until the summer of 1995, no one had ever seen quantum steps in a hysteresis loop.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881648

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The study of electron transport through minuscule conducting regions known as quantum dots has revealed a variety of fascinating phenomena, in which one can see the effects of individual electrons. The plots of current versus voltage, for example, are no longer the straight lines so characteristic of macroscopic wires, but rather discrete staircases, with each successive plateau representing the presence of one additional electron on the dot.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881649

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Silicon is at the heart of the microelectronics revolution. Its dominance over other semiconductors is intimately tied to its superior materials and processing properties and to the tremendous base of technology that has developed around it. Another semiconductor is not likely to displace silicon as the material of choice in electronic applications. Silicon, however, is an extremely inefficient light emitter, and for this reason has not enjoyed the same level of dominance in optical applications.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881650

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

It is now a century since Syante Arrhenius published the idea: As human activity puts ever more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, global warming becomes ever more likely. (See figure 1 and the box on page 36.) His paper attracted notice, and one might suppose that knowledge of the so‐called “greenhouse effect” has grown steadily ever since. But that is not in fact how the science proceeded. During more than half a century after 1896 almost nothing of value was learned about global warming. Only in the late 1950s did scientists at last begin to regard it as a serious possibility, indeed a potential danger.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881664

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

To a physicist facing significant difficulty in the job market, the allure of a career in finance is obvious: The industry has numerous opportunities that demand the physicist's quantitative skills, and pay handsomely for them. Those contemplating such a move, however, need to look beyond these immediate considerations, for the culture of finance differs markedly from that of physics, having different goals and philosophies, work styles, even dress codes. Tb be successful on Wall Street, the physicist must willingly adapt to Wall Streets ways.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881632

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881663

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.881635

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.2802964

出版商:AIP    

年代:1997

数据来源: AIP