摘要:

Physicists are presently much concerned as to the part they can and should take in the continuing emergency facing our country. There are few of us to whom World War II did not bring considerable dislocation of career. The younger among us had our training interrupted and large numbers of the older ones were employed in the existing defense laboratories and in additional establishments which were set up to help develop weapons. Some of these establishments achieved such spectacular success that our military men now tend to lean far more heavily on the work of scientists than they have previously. Extrapolating from the experience of World War II, we can but wonder what lies ahead of us.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067139

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

To one working in the country's weapons program, and rather used to having such efforts described as being degrading and immoral, it is a little new to have them calledpasse´. For this novelty we have to thank Professor Morse, seasoned evaluator of the country's weapons systems. Under the heading: Must We Always Be Gadgeteers? (Physics Today, Nov. 1950) Professor Morse has given a sort of prospectus for work in operational research. He justly argues a great need for work in that field, and explains how a physicist who does not particularly wish to stay very close to physics could be effective there. Unhappily, in the course of this argument he invents a class of characters: physicists “whose overwhelming desire is to make more gadgets”. He then points at his invention with scorn.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067140

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

On August 22, 1950 the Brookhaven reactor became critical. The work of scientists is notable for its lack of drama. It is usually difficult to say when a piece of apparatus starts to work, and it is even more difficult to decide when an experiment is complete. The uranium chain reaction is outstanding, therefore, since the change from an inert subcritical assembly of fissionable material to a supercritical chain reactor is sudden and, to all intents and purposes, discontinuous.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067141

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

On a recent trip to France and Italy the writer has visited many of the physics laboratories there, and talked to a large number of physicists. It is not the purpose of this article to provide the reader with a careful survey of European physics; any number of Europeans are certainly more qualified for that sort of study. Rather, I shall try to present the impressions of a tourist, in this case a physicist.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067123

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Precise electrical measurements are of fundamental importance to modern science and industry. This is true not only in the communication and power fields but in many other areas where the flexibility and convenience of electrical methods have made them almost indispensable for the measurement of nonelectrical quantities. Thus, while in textbooks energy is defined simply in terms of force and length or of mass and velocity, in actual practice the heat energy of fuels and the energy output of prime movers are universally measured to high precision by electrical methods. Likewise, the basic electrical units enter into the determination of nearly all the fundamental atomic constants, as well as into daily measurements of heat, light, color, strain, acceleration, displacement, and chemical properties.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067124

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067125

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067126

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Some months ago, the National Security Resources Board asked that the American Chemical Society, the National Research Council, the Engineers' Joint Council, and the American Institute of Physics consider ways in which the skills and training of scientists and engineers might best be used in the event of large‐scale mobilization. The NSRB, which has been given the responsibility for developing a realistic and effective manpower program in the national emergency, asked in particular that recommendations be made concerning a proposal that such men be reserved from military duty subject only to induction on the basis of military requirements for the specific requisitions in question.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067127

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Announcement of the formal establishment in the Library of Congress of a Science Division probably caused any scientist who heard or read it to envision a special science room or wing in the Library. This mind's‐eye area undoubtedly was furnished with large reading tables and comfortable chairs, was enclosed by walls hung with the pictures of famous scientists, was surrounded by stacks containing the Library's total collection of scientific books and periodicals, and was entered by an impressive archway labeled Science Division. To indicate why this is not to be the case and to outline something of what is contemplated for this new unit of the Library is the purpose of this account.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067128

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The special training division of the Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies has announced that three additional courses in the techniques of using radioisotopes in research have been scheduled during the winter and spring of 1951. They are to be held from January 8th to February 2nd, from February 19th to March 16th, and from April 16th to May 11th. Designed to acquaint research workers with the safe and efficient use of radioisotopes, the courses include laboratory work, lectures, and special‐topic seminars. Experiments cover such matters as the use and calibration of instruments, purification and separation of radioactive materials from inert and other radioactive materials, and pile activation technology. The seminars cover various biological and medical uses of radioisotopes and the design of radiochemical laboratories.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3067130

出版商:AIP    

年代:1951

数据来源: AIP