摘要:

The intent of the ABLE‐5 program was to place a satellite into relatively close orbit around the Moon. The ABLE‐5 satellite has been designed as a 390‐lb scientific observatory to investigate some important aspects of the physics of space. It contains flux‐gate and search‐coil magnetometers, a set of radiation sensors (a plasma probe, scintillation counter, scintillation spectrometer, an ionization chamber and Geiger counter, cosmic‐ray telescope, and a solid‐state detector), and a micrometeorite counter. The general objective of these sensors is to acquire detailed information about the distribution of magnetic fields, the spectral density of charged particles, and meteoritic statistics.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057327

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

More than one hundred delegates from twenty‐nine nations met in the UNESCO House in Paris, July 28–August 4, to discuss problems in physics education and to compare activities in the various countries. The conference was organized under the auspices of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. Representatives came from Finland and Canada in the north to Australia, South Africa, and Chile “down below”, from Japan, India, Russia, Turkey, and most of the European states. Education at both the secondary‐school and college levels was considered with major attention given to the pre‐college years.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057328

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Our Committee was set up in order to suggest how the physics curricula in schools could be revised. The nature of any revision is obviously determined largely by the ultimate purpose that physics teaching in schools is considered to have. Our own discussions have been based upon our strong belief that physics, the most exact and fundamental of the sciences, is a vital part of modern culture and, as such, a necessary element in the education of all children. There are some who appear to equate science with technology and who advocate the extended or more intensive teaching of science because of its probable contribution to increased material well‐being. We are well aware of the economic aspects of technological development and of their importance; nevertheless, the cultural value of science—which is all too often inadequately appreciated—should be the aspect which determines the extent and the nature of the science courses in schools. Modern science has changed not only man's environment but his whole approach to many of the problems which he has to face—and which his predecessors had to face. Science is not only a powerful weapon with which to attack material problems; it provides a new process of thought, and new criteria of credibility and of acceptability of evidence. Philosophy, theology, politics, and economics have all been influenced in differing degrees by science, and the most powerful influences have been the result of the changing picture of natural phenomena that scientific thought has created. In the present context, it cannot be too strongly emphasized that science is one of the humanities. Physics is not a collection of “facts” which can be learned; it is a highly imaginative intellectual structure of concepts that gives a meaningful and creative picture or model of such of man's experience of the world in which he lives as it has yet been possible to integrate into a consistent whole. It is a picture that is constantly being given further detail and some parts of which are occasionally being redrawn. The reasons why physics has a place in a child's education are firstly that the story of the drawing of that picture is a remarkable tribute to the power of the human mind and, secondly, the model of nature that physics provides is a necessary component of any fruitful modem thinking about some of the most important of the perennial problems that man has to attempt to solve as a social being.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057330

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Language differences have long presented a barrier to communication which is as troublesome as it is difficult to surmount. Further, it seems that modern scientific research has developed a second language barrier of its own to compound the difficulties encountered when national boundaries are crossed and to cause confusion and misunderstanding even among those sharing the same native tongue. For example, some readers may find it strange that an institute in quantumchemistryis the subject of a report to physicists, while, on the other hand, these same readers would find nothing inappropriate in the topic if it were alternately called an institute on atomic, molecular, and solid‐statephysics.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057331

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The International Conference on Nuclear Structure held at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, began at 8:45 a.m. on August 29th and ended at 12:00 p.m., September 3. The conference was limited in attendance to 400 (the number of seats in the auditorium,) and up to (though, naturally, not including) the last day, the hall was full. The sessions, usually four per day, were consecutive, with four to six rapporteurs giving a summary talk in each session. Judging from the results, the rapporteur system works very well. Each rapporteur culled from the 250 submitted abstracts those relating to his subject—in some cases even discussing them—and presented the present status with a stress on recent work. The conference was overwhelming, alternately confusing and enlightening, and very tiring. (A seldom‐considered virtue of simultaneous sessions of consuming interest is their built‐in excuse for relaxing outside. Nevertheless, the impression carried away and still retained is that this was the most successful conference this reporter has yet attended. It accomplished its task, giving a fairly clear picture of the status of the present understanding of nuclear structure. That such a dynamic and broad subject could be well summarized is a tribute to the organizers of this conference—all but Weisskopf are members of the Chalk River National Laboratory and Queen's University—as well as to the uniformly high level of the talks.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057332

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The fifth triennial International Congress of the International Union of Crystallography was held in Cambridge, England, from August IS through 24, 1960. In addition to nearly 450 general papers classified under 19 different headings, there were 5 general lectures on different specialized topics, a panel discussion on the theory of metals, and two symposia. The first symposium had some 36 contributions concerning thermal motion in crystals and molecules; the second consisted of about 100 papers dealing with lattice defects and the mechanical properties of solids. Abstracts of all contributions, including the symposia, will appear soon as an issue ofActa Crystallographica; most of the abstracts indicate where detailed publication is planned. Eight of the Russian contributions appeared in an issue ofKristallografiya(Vol. 5, No. 4, 1960) which was distributed at the congress.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057333

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The 1960 Nobel Prize in physicshas been awarded to Donald A. Glaser of the University of California at Berkeley for his invention of the bubble chamber for the observation of the tracks of subatomic particles. A native of Cleveland, Glaser did his undergraduate work at Case Institute of Technology and received his PhD in physics in 1950 at the California Institute of Technology, where he had worked on high‐energy cosmic rays under Carl D. Anderson. He then joined the University of Michigan and in 1952, at the age of twenty‐five, he began the series of tests which led to the first successful demonstration of the idea of the bubble chamber—a sealed chamber containing a superheated liquid in which boiling is initiated by ionizing radiation.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057334

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Queens College Alumni Associationhonored H. William Koch, chief of the High Energy Radiation Section of the National Bureau of Standards Radiation Physics Division, by naming him as its “Alumnus of the Year”. The award, the first to be given by the Association, was presented at the college's annual homecoming dinner on November 5. A member of Queens' first graduating class, Dr. Koch received his BS in 1941. He did his graduate work at the University of Illinois and was on the staff at Illinois and at the Clinton Laboratories in Oak Ridge, Tenn., before joining NBS in 1949.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057336

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Councilof the European Organization for Nuclear Research, at the conclusion of its 18th semiannual meeting early in December, announced that Victor F. Weisskopf will succeed John B. Adams as director‐general of CERN on August 1 of this year. Dr. Adams, who is scheduled to return to England at that time as director of the United Kingdom's Culham Laboratory for Plasma Physics Research, became CERN's director‐general following the tragic airplane accident last April which claimed the life of his predecessor, C. J. Bakker.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057337

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A Western European agency for space research,to be created as a cooperative venture by eleven nations, was brought a step closer to reality on December 1 when delegates from ten of the countries involved approved the establishment of a preparatory commission for the proposed organization. An agreement to that effect was signed by the governments of Great Britain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden at the close of a four‐day meeting at Meyrin, Switzerland, site of the laboratories of the European Organization for Nuclear Research. The delegates of five other governments (Denmark, France, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland) also signed the document, although they did so provisionally since the agreement must be ratified under the constitutional requirements of their countries. The West German delegation was not empowered to sign, but it was anticipated that the Bonn government would soon add its endorsement to the agreement. Spain participated in the early part of the conference as an observer, and was then admitted as a member state.

ISSN:0031-9228    

DOI:10.1063/1.3057340

出版商:AIP    

年代:1961

数据来源: AIP