摘要:

In order to design a large system for knowledge retrieval by “casual” users on a semantically complex domain, archeology, one must integrate several technological components: data bases, knowledge-based systems, interfaces, and architectures. This paper discusses briefly the main methodological, technical, and conceptual problems encountered in such an attempt, the partial solutions developed, and the architecture proposed for the system, which should be based on agents cooperating in a “weakly” coupled distributed structure.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927957

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper presents an explanation module implemented in the Computer Science Department of the University of Orsay. It was designed to be used after a session with an expert system and to answer two types of questions: why does some fact have a particular value (deduced by the expert system in the session) and why does some fact not have a particular value (after the expert system has given a value different from the one the user expected) ? The answers to these questions are referred to as positive and negative explanations, respectively.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927958

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A specific hybrid tool, the Vienna Knowledge Engineering Tool, is used, in discussing the advantages and disadvantages of hybrid systems during their development and application. An object-oriented programming approach is introduced to serve as binding agent between the system components and as friendly interface to the user.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927959

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper presents a procedure for the generation of sentences that produces written sentences in a particular language starting from formal representations of their meaning. The procedure is composed of a lexicalization part independent of the specific language used and of an ordering part that must be reconfigured according to the target language. The internal representation is described, and it is then shown how the generation procedure can deal with both one-clause and multiclause sentences. Applications to the English language are shown throughout the tex

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927960

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes the application of artificial intelligence ideas and techniques to the design and implementation of a computer system for nonvocal, physically handicapped users of the communication system Bliss. The research was performed to investigate the possibility of using an automated device to emulate and replace the human assistance required by Bliss users, thus enabling independent and yet unconstrained expression. The system described outperforms human assistance on small-scale test data, using relatively simple heuristic methods. It enables communication with one-third of the work required by a standard word processing package. Issues related to the practicability of AI theory and practice in an application area such as this are discussed.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927961

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An attempt is made to see recent developments in knowledge representation, clustered around Minsky 's theory of frames, and the more classical modeling of natural processes, originating in Newton's mechanics, in a unified perspective. Defining knowledge as homomorphic representation, we view classical models as capable of providing behavioral knowledge but lacking in capability to represent important structural knowledge and meta-knowledge. He discuss a framework, inspired by system theoretic concepts, for combining structural and behavioral representation in a form suitable for goal-directed model construction. We conclude by drawing several implications of this approach for system design, artificial intelligence, modeling, and simulation.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927962

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Italian group “Informatics and Cultural Processes” has carried out four surveys of M people during four international AI conferences (1983–1985) This paper presents a synthesis of the results of these surveys along with a discussion from the point of view of a sociologist of knowledge. Developments in AI are important enough to raise questions about the future of human-machine relations, starting from the cultural premises of the Al community rather than considering progress in Alas a datum and a source of cultural consequences. It is found that AI people differ in a number of ways in their view of humans and their complexity. But this promising variety could be eclipsed by some achievements, such as expert systems, that have to some extent reduced the aims of AI to high-performance inferential problem-solving. On the other hand, regulatory feedbacks against a too formalized way of conceiving human thought could come from culture itself. The cultures of Europe and the United States seem to play different roles in the progress of AI— a difference that should perhaps be preserved as a resource until a satisfactory general theory is developed.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927963

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518708927956

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor