摘要:

Tolerant planning improves the likelihood of plans being successfully executed despite uncertainties and changes during execution. By tolerating execution errors, dynamic replanning need not be invoked as often or as immediately as in a less tolerant plan. The approach in designing tolerant plans is to allow for redundancies in the requirements (usually resources) for execution. While this approach is feasible, it raises another problem—more conflicts must be resolved during planning. This conflict resolution problem can be solved using a novel model of iterative negotiation for multiagent coordination. It requires agents to be skillful in negotiating with other agents to resolve conflicts in such a way as to minimize compromising their own tolerance while being benevolent in helping others find a feasible plan. This paper also describes an application of these concepts in a planner that generates conflict-free movement schedules for several mobile robots in a factory domain.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518808949908

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The design issues encountered during the development of a natural language processor (NLP) for the Italian language are described. The focus is on strategic aspects, namely representation and control, and their implementation with first-order logic. The complexity and the size of the knowledge domain (press agency releases on finance and economics) do not present severe restrictions in the sentence structure; hence a considerable design effort for data structures and control algorithms was required. Logic proved to be an important tool for implementing in a modular and efficient way the knowledge sources along with the programs that derive the morphologic, syntactic, and semantic features of sentences. As for the data structures, we found a considerable advantage in separating linguistic knowledge in three sources: morphologic, syntactic, and semantic. This resulted in a clear and systematic representation scheme and reduced the complexity of the parsing system.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518808949909

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this paper we present a qualitative physics model to reason about cell growth processes and cell-drug interactions, to be used in the knowledge base of NEWCHEM, an expert system intended to guide experimentation in the design of new optimal protocols in cancer treatment, After a brief discussion of the contributions that artificial intelligence techniques could make in cancer research and a brief presentation of some currently developed expert systems, some details of the proposed model based on the Forbus and Kuipers approaches to qualitative physics are given and its implementation as a LISP program is briefly discussed.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518808949910

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A growing trend in the area of artificial intelligence is the development of software that simulates the decision-making process of human experts. The purpose of this paper is to advance the use of available tools from the area of artificial intelligence, and in particular expert systems, into the field of mine ventilation management. The authors have developed an expert system (i.e., a smart manager) that controls the operation of a mine ventilation network. The expert system is rule based and hence can be (independently) enhanced in an incremental fashion. It serves as a smart interface between the monitoring and control components of a mine ventilation system.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518808949911

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Conversations occurring in a society of communicating systems can be studied according to a model where the main concept is a theory and exchanges are governed by syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic devices. In the present paper we discuss these issues, focusing on the role played by situations where context marks are meaningful for governing dialogues. We take the case of intelligent tutors, in particular one for logic programming under development, as the application example behind this research. Finally, we stress that the flexibility of interactions depends to a great extent on the ability of knowledge-based systems to face open situations.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518808949912

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We present an expert system that can handle various complicated decision-making problems of optimal control that are hardly solvable manually or even by computer-aided design techniques. The expert system is the first implementation of solving decision-making problems of optimal control using a computer, which paves the way for us to develop the real-time intelligent optimal control environment. Through a user-friendly interface, the expert system can receive the needed information from the user, perform heuristic search, and provide the results of a decisionmaker quickly both on the screen and from a printer. The important features of this expert system are that it () makes a decision on the problem-solving strategies for optimal control, that is, provides the solution structure and transversality conditions as well as types of some key equations; (2) processes symbolic information; (3) breaks down the whole search into three reasoning levels such that the problem can be solved easily and the search routine can be simplified; (4) utilizes “filter rules” to reduce production rules and enhance the program efficiency; (5) modifies the knowledge base and creates new rules in production rule memory; and (6) applies a “certainty factor” to represent imprecise knowledge. The expert system has been implemented using the AI tool OPS5 on a VAX 11/780 computer running under VMS. An example is also used to illustrate our expert system.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518808949913

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Segmentation is a main problem in computer vision. It attempts to supply primitives for higher-level processes of interpretation. A multithreshold approach has already given acceptable results. This paper presents a PROLOG implementation of a multithreshold system. The system uses the technique of recursive partition of two-dimensional images in quadrants to form maximal blocks; the data structure generated by this partition algorithm is known as a quadtree. The algorithms implemented concern image representation, connected regions, identification, and contour detection. The improvement of algorithms in a logic language rather than in a procedural one appeared to be of particular interest. The main reasons for this are implementation facility and the natural use of logic programming in the field of knowledge-based systems. In fact, a knowledge-based approach seems a reasonable solution to problems of assisted image understanding processes.

ISSN:0883-9514    

DOI:10.1080/08839518808949914

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor