摘要:

The common assumption that the dominant eyes of unilateral amblyopes are normal eyes is shown to be unjustified. The dominant eyes of unilateral amblyopes are shown to have reduced sensitivity, reduced acuity, and a horizontal eccentricity of fixation when compared to eyes of persons with normal acuity and normal binocular fixation.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A review and analysis of the vision-training procedures were carried out over a period of 2 years at State University of New York (SUNY), University Optometric Center by 20 staff optometrists on 28 patients exhibiting divergence excess strabismus using models proposed by Flax and Greene. Training included motility, accommodative rock, fusion, antisuppression, and stereoscopic skills by a variety of techniques and devices. Patients who exhibited smaller pretraining angles of deviation, increased maturity, and greater motivation responded most successfully to treatment. The results achieved in this study compare favorably with those obtained by traditional orthoptic procedures.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One clinical use of the ophthalmometer is to aid in the prediction of the correcting cylinder for the eye, thereby to provide a starting point for retinoscopic and/or subjective testing. When axis is known in advance with reasonable accuracy, correcting cylinder refinement is accomplished easily, but when the predicted axis is in substantial error, perhaps by as much as 90°, then a starting point has little value and refinement gives way to primary determination. For optical reasons, the accuracy of predicting the correcting cylinder axis increases with corneal toricity. Therefore, the clinical value of the ophthalmometer as a predictor of the correcting cylinder increases with escalating corneal toricity. The procedure followed in this paper has been first to assess, through Monte Carlo simulation, the accuracy of the prediction of correcting cylinder axis as a function of direction and amount of corneal astigmatism. I then considered the effects of potential errors in analysis that might result from uncertainty as to the actual values of certain parameters. Greatest uncertainty appears to attend variance of the axis of the residual astigmatism. It is suggested that the minimum amounts of astigmatism which provide reasonable assurance that the axis of the correcting cylinder will lie within 10 of its ophthalmometrically predicted value at least 90% of the time are: (1) 2.25 D, for W-T-R astigmatism; (2) 1.50 D, for A-T-R astigmatism; and (3) 2.25 D, for oblique astigmatism.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Tear chloride concentration was used as an indicator of hypotonic (reflex tear) response to contact lens presence in the eye. Individual responses to rigid and to hydrophilic lenses were thus monitored and quantitatively compared from the time of dispensing until full wearing time was achieved. Although the initial tear imbalances to hydrophilic lenses were somewhat less than those to rigid lenses, they were, nevertheless, detectable. Restoration to prefitting baseline levels was for the most part achieved within the first 5 days, and did generally parallel the reduction in subjective awareness experienced by the patient.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The position of the corneal apex in 38 untreated eyes with keratoconus was measured by photoelectronic keratoscopy. An inferior, temporal displacement of the apex relative to the visual axis was most frequent; the magnitude of the displacement was not exceptional. Compared to the corneal apex of the normal eye, that of the keratoconic eye shows a greater frequency of temporal and inferior displacement. The importance of this information in the diagnosis and contact lens fitting of these cases is discussed.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The ophthalmic literature dealing with diseases of the optic nerve, tracts, and visual cortex was reviewed for the period November 1977 to December 1978. Fifty-nine papers of interest to optometrists have been abstracted. Main areas of interest include: role of axoplasmic transport in production of disc edema and cotton-wool spots; ocular effects of local and systemic vascular disturbances; congenital abnormalities of the eye alone and in association with other bodily malformations; field testing, including an ingenious ophthalmoscopic method which can lead to detection of very small scotomas; a new quantitative method for assessing integrity of the optic nerve in multiple sclerosis and related conditions; stimulating questions on the development of optic atrophy and on its relation to retinal vascularity; considerations of acquired and congenital abnormalities of the cavernous sinus and their ocular manifestations; swinging-flashlight test in hemianoptic patients; a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis; methods to enhance magnification during opthalmoscopy; methods enabling a closer investigation of the retinal nerve fiber layer.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Reis-Bücklers' corneal dystrophy is an autosomal dominant disorder which primarily affects Bowman's membrane. Visual acuity begins to decrease around the age of 5 and continues to deteriorate over the next 20 years. The optometrist should be aware of the disorder so that the patient may be counseled regarding the genetic implications and should refer the patient to a corneal specialist when transplantation is required.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

With proper conversion factors, light meters designed for photographic use may be used to measure clinical light levels. Conversion factors and use of these light meters are discussed.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Concomitancy is one of several factors to measure when performing a complete diagnostic evaluation of heterotropias and heterophorias. When the fusion-free position of the eyes varies significantly in magnitude or direction in different fields of gaze, nonconcomitancy exists. Frequently the testing of concomitancy is overlooked or performed with little precision. Yet, concomitancy testing is important because the existence and amount of nonconcomitancy may influence the prognosis, therapeutic approach, and success in treatment, and may indicate some life-threatening systemic problem which requires referral. A specially designed light-emitting diode target screen was combined with the projection system of the B & L Autoplot. This system allows the Hess-Lancaster test to be performed quickly and accurately with automatic recording of the patient's responses.

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0093-7002    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID