ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1980.tb00200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1980.tb00201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article is concerned with the increased popularity of noncoercive methods to achieve public policy goals. It is contended that certain functions and benefits regarding coercion by government are overlooked, while conceptual and practical problems in employing noncoercive approaches are, to a considerable degree, neglected. The discussion concludes with a call for a more integrated approach in which coercive and noncoercive approaches to government action are seen as complementary, rather than mutually exclusive.

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1980.tb00202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article considers four strategies that a government agency might use to change the behavior of individuals: (1) informing target individuals of benefits; (2) facilitating the change for individuals; (3) requiring such change, with penalties for noncompliance; and (4) making the change more attractive. Two complementary theoretical perspectives—learning theory (Skinner) and utility theory (Schultze) —are used to analyze the strategies. Information and facilitation work best on “motivated” people. Regulation works best for strongly desired, discrete, detectable goals achievable in few ways; but it requires much monitoring and may promote undesired reactions. Incentives are the basis of the most reliable, efficient strategies, especially if the change is continuous, detectable, and achievable in ma

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1980.tb00203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article reports a random telephone survey of Evanston, Illinois, residents in the spring of 1978 probing knowledge of legal sanctions, perceptions of the certainty of their imposition, feelings about their legitimacy, and approval of peers for violating the law. It focuses on traffic offenses, marijuana smoking, and shoplifting and uses self‐reports of actual or potential violations. The data indicate that knowledge of the severity of legal sanctions and perceptions of the certainty of their imposition are not related to imputed violation; feelings that the law is legitimate and that peers disapprove of violations are related to imputed violatio

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1980.tb00204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Growing efforts to achieve social control through noncoercive means need to be evaluated for the role played by the implicit threat of coercion. This article examines restitutive settlements of selected criminal violations through the active efforts of a county prosecutor's office. The study reveals that it is the threat of coercion underlying the execution of remedies that facilitates efficient processing of commercial disputes in the criminal justice system.

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1980.tb00205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Supreme Court's decision inRoe v. Wade (1973) limited the authority of states to prohibit abortions during the first two trimesters of pregnancy. Although they can no longer prohibit abortions, state legislatures have adopted a variety of coercive and noncoercive policies that might operate to alter the utilities associated with having or providing abortions. This article analyzes the relative impacts of these policies on two measures of abortion behavior: (1) state abortion rates in 1976 and (2) trends in states' abortion rates from 1973 to 1976. Multiple regression analysis reveals that neither coercive nor noncoercive policies are strongly related to these aggregate measures of abortion behavior.

ISSN:0265-8240    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9930.1980.tb00206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY