ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryChromosomal localization has been established for many genetic traints. Gene mapping may lead to the identification of disease genes, an understanding of pathogenesis, and the development of rational therapy, as well as facilitating antenatal diagnosis and genetic counselling. ‘The new genetics’1is therefore of great interest to the clinician. Unfortunately the complex technology and unfamiliar vocabulary of molecular biology often deter non‐specialists from keeping abreast of these developments. This account explains the principles of gene mapping, discusses its relevance to dermatologists, and lists the established loci of dermatologically important

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo new elastase inhibitors (SKALP, skin‐derived antileucoproteases) were recently described in the lesional skin in psoriasis. The present study investigated the distribution of SKALP activity in the marginal zone of spreading psoriatic plaques. In a 4‐mm zone immediately adjacent to the erythematosquamous plaques, SKALP activity was slightly increased compared to distant uninvolved skin. Within the lesion the anti‐elastase activity was pronounced, but was significantly higher in the central zone of the plaque compared to the periphery. The appearance of SKALP in the psoriatic lesion appears to be a late event compared to endothelial involvement, intraepidermal accumulation of PMNs, epidermal proliferation and abnormal keratinization. This observation lends further support for the hypothesis that the induction of anti‐elastase activity is associated with the off‐switch of cutaneous inf

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe expression of tenascin, a recently discovered extracellular matrix glycoprotein, was studied by immunohistochemistry in normal human skin and in a number of skin diseases with epidermal hyperproliferation such as psoriasis, basal cell carcinoma. Bowen's disease and solar keratosis. Tenascin expression in the upper dermis of normal skin was found to vary from almost absent to patchy along the basal membrane. Staining was continuous and intense around blood vessels, hair follicles and eccrine sweat ducts. In basal cell carcinoma a marked expression of tenascin was found in the tumour stroma, especially adjacent to the basal membrane surrounding the tumour cell nests. In Bowen's disease and solar keratosis, tenascin expression was found in the dermis next to the keratinocytes. In psoriasis the dermal papillae of clinically involved skin were intensely stained and a continuous band of tenascin was present in the upper dermis along the basal membrane. The distribution of tenascin differed from other known extracellular matrix components.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe growth of vellus hair and the secretion of sebum from vellus hair follicles were measured on the forehead, cheek, chest, shoulder and back of healthy men and women aged 15–30 years. Hair growth was assessed by computerized image‐analysis of photographs and sebum excretion by the use of Sebutape® followed by image analysis. The density of vellus hairs and the percentage of growing hairs were higher on the face than on the thorax (439 hairs/cm2with 49% growing hairs on the forehead compared with 85 hairs/cm2with 31.5% growing hairs on the back). The maximum length of vellus hair significantly decreased with age; otherwise hair growth was not affected by age or sex. Some variations in hair growth and sebum secretion were observed over a period of 3 months, but no consistent rhythms were detected. There was no obvious link between vellus hair growth and sebum excre

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTreatment of murine skin with the polyaromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens benzo(a)pyrene (BP) or dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) for 3 weeks resulted in an increase and a decrease in epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) numbers, respectively, compared with solvent‐treated skin. Implantation of subcutaneous indomethacin pellets prior to carcinogen treatment prevented the changes in LC numbers and morphology in BP, but not DMBA‐treated skin. Indomethacin treatment was also found to reduce elevated prostaglandin E2(PGE)2levels in the skin of BP‐treated mice, whereas PGE2levels were not significantly raised in DMBA‐treated mice. There thus appears to be a link between altered prostaglandin levels and LC numbers in murine skin treated with BP, but not DMBA. In the latter, LC numbers were reduced by mechanisms not reversed by indomethacin. It is concluded that increased prostaglandin levels may contribute to the impairment of cutaneous immunity previously observed in BP‐treated mice by altering LC density and morphology within the

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe incidence and clinical features of allergic contact and/or photocontact dermatitis due to psoralens were examined in 371 patients with psoriasis treated with topical PUVA. The psoralen derivatives used in the study were 8‐methoxypsoralen (8MOP), 3‐carbethoxypsoralen (3CPs), 4,6,4′‐trimethylangelicin (TMA) and 7‐methyl pyridopsoralen (MPP). Of 371 patients treated with 8MOP, three (0.8%) developed an acute dermatitis in the PUVA‐treated areas. This incidence was significantly lower (P<0.01) than that for 3CPs (four of 10 patients) or that for TMA (six of 17 patients). None of the seven patients receiving MPP on PUVA had a reaction. It was confirmed that these dermatitis reactions were due to contact and/or photocontact allergy to psoralens by several methods that included patch and photopatch tests, photopatch test mapping, determination of the minimal erythema dose (MED) and immunohis

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFourteen patients with severe chronic atopic dermatitis wer treated with cyclosporin A (CyA. Sandimmun® 5 mg/kg/day) for 7–16 weeks. All showed a marked clinical impovement and half could omit topical corticosteroid treatment during therapy. Adverse effects were minor, but two patients relapsed despite continued treatment. In the others, the disease recurred soon after stoppin CyA. Serum IgE levels and prick‐test responses were unchanged by CyA. Immediate and late‐phase cutaneous responses to intradermal house dust mite anitgen (HDM) were sinificantly increased during treatment; but a delayed response, present at 24 and 48 h, was unaffected. Four of six patients challenged with HDM patch tests to tape‐stripped skin during treatment showed eczematious reactions at 48 h. Thus, cyclosporin A has a powerful therapeutic effect in atopic dermatitis but does not reduce allergic resonses to inhalant

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe report the results of a long‐term (12.8 Years) follow‐up study of the detection of malignnat and benign skin tumours in patients with psoriasis, who were treated with PUVA according to the European, ‘high sinle‐dose’ regimen. A total of 13 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 24 basal cell carcinomas (BCC) were diagnosed in 11 of 260 patients. The incidence of both SCC and BCC was increased in comparison with the general Dutch population. The ratio of SCC to BCC in the general population was 1:8 but was 1:2:5 in our study group. A positive correlation was observed between the development of SCC and the total UVA dosege, the age of the patient at the start of the PUVA treatment and a history of arsenic use. This dose‐realted increase in the incidence of SCC, reported in studies from the U.S.A., has not been found in earlier European studies. The average time period between the start of PUVA therapy and the diagnosis of the first malignant skin tumour was 6.0 years for SCC and 4.7 years for BCC. Among the 49 benign skin tumours were actinic keratoses, a kerato‐acanthoma and ‘PUVA keratoses’, a newly described hyperkeratotic lesion, especially found in PUVA

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPreviousin vivostudies have shown that 4‐S‐cysteaminylphenol (4‐S‐CAP) and N‐acetly‐4‐S‐ cysteaminylphenol (N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP) have antimelanoma effects and that N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP produced a 98% depigmentation of hair follicles of black mice. This study investigated the process of selective melanocytotoxicity by N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP through light and electron microscopy studies of hair follicles obtained from newborn black mice treated with N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP. Visible changes in follicular melanocytes were found 4h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) adminstration. Clumps of melanin granules and areas of melanocytic nuclear condensation were seen in the hair follicles. On electron microscopy there was progressive destruction of melanoctyes with swelling of membranous organelles, nuclear condensation, and vacuolation of the cytoplasm, culminating in completely necrotic cells. None of thes changes were demonstrated in the surrounding keratinocytes. N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP appears to have specific, cytotoxic effects on melanocytes actively producing eumelanin. The drug may not affect precursor or dormant melanocytes whic retai

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb03282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY