摘要:

SUMMARYComplement components C3a, C4a, and C5a, were assayed in corneal scale extracts from psoriasis and other dermatoses characterized by sterile subcorneal pustules, using radioimmunoassay. Larger amounts were detected in psoriasis and related pustular dermatoses than in extracts of non‐inflammatory stratum corneum. It is concluded that complement is activated via the classical pathway and releases the neutrophil chemotactic fragment C5

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02773.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA comparative study of the healthy skin of patients who had undergone bone marrow grafting and not developed graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and of patients with cutaneous lesions of acute GVHD has been carried out. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of cutaneous immunopathology in the diagnosis of acute GVHD. A double‐labelling immunofluorescence technique was used with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The results showed a lack of specificity for GVHD in the distribution of Langerhans cells, but confirmed the diagnostic value of HLA‐DR staining of epidermal keratinocytes. Cellular polymorphism of the T cell infiltrate in the dermis was observed (T helpers 40% and T suppressors 20%). The expression of the 55–57 Kd keratin polypeptide and of bullous pemphigoid antigen showed modification during acute GVHD while that of pemphigus antigen remained

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02774.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYWe have shown that dicarboxylic acids (C9and C12), known competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, are selectively cytotoxic to malignant melanogenic melanocytes but not to normal pigmented cells or to amelanotic or non‐melanogenic melanoma cells. The main target of this toxicity appears to be the mitochondria, which become markedly swollen and vacuolated. The mechanism of their action has been thought to be due to interference with oxidoreductases in the mitochondria. However, our results suggest that this cytotoxicity most probably does not result simply from inhibition of mitochondrial enzymes, but is closely related to the melanin biosynthesis pathwa

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02775.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYWe studied 11 patients with the clinical diagnosis of lipoatrophy and found two histopathological subsets. Six patients presented with a distinctive picture, which we termed ‘involutional’ fat, consisting of lobules of small lipocytes embedded in hyaline connective tissue with numerous capillaries. Five of these six patients had a single lesion, usually of the upper arm. Serological studies were normal, and direct immunofluorescence, performed in three cases, showed immunoreactants in the blood vessels in only one. The four patients with inflammation of the fat had multiple areas of localized lipoatrophy. Three had biopsies for direct immunofluorescence and all three showed immunoreactants involving the basement membrane zone (two cases) or blood vessels (one case); and three had serological abnormalities. We suggest that the involutional histopathological pattern is a distinctive subset of localized lipoatro

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02776.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYCalcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) produced a dose‐related wheal and flare reaction in human skin at doses of 12.5 to 50 pmol. The flare response but not the wheal response to CGRP and substance P were inhibited by prior treatment of the subject with oral chlorpheniramine, 16 mg. CGRP, but not substance P, was potent in producing a delayed erythema and surrounding pallor in human skin, which peaked at 1 h and persisted for more than 3 h after injection, when wheal and flare responses had subsided. The delayed response was accompanied by infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The delayed erythema and pallor produced in response to CGRP were not inhibited by oral chlorpheniramine, or by 4% prilocaine injected locally. CGRP released histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells over the concentration range 2.5–10 μM. CGRP was about fourfold less potent than substance P in releasing histamine. The substance Panalogue, [D‐Pro4, D‐Trp7,9,10]SP4–1110 μM, and benzalkonium chloride 10 μM inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells stimulated by either CGRP

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02777.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYCryostat sections of skin biopsies from five patients with chronic photosensitivity dermatitis with actinic reticuloid syndrome (PDAR) have been examined immunohistologically by the alkaline phosphatase: anti‐alkaline phosphatase staining technique using a panel of 24 monoclonal antibodies against lymphoid cells and their subsets. The lymphoid infiltrates in all cases had an essentially identical cellular composition, containing a mixture of T‐lymphocytes, T‐cell accessory cells (Langerhans cells) and other types of HLA‐DR positive dermal macrophages. In two patients there was an excess of T‐helper/inducer cells relative to T‐suppressor cells, while in the other three patients the numbers of T‐cells in these two subsets were approximately equal. Many of the infiltrating T‐cells expressed activation (HLA‐DR, interleukin‐2 receptor) or proliferation (the Ki67 nuclear antigen, transferrin receptor) associated markers. These data indicate that a T‐cell immune response is operative in c

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02778.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe metabolism of endogenous arachidonic acid by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) isolated from peripheral blood has been studied in 19 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and 19 healthy controls. Using calcium ionophore A23187 as a stimulus, the PMNL synthesized leukotriene B4(LTB4), 6‐trans‐leukotriene B4, 12‐epi‐6‐trans‐LTB4, and 5‐hydroxy‐6,8,11,14‐eicosatetraenoic acid. There was no significant difference in the amounts of the products formed between the psoriatic and control groups. The elevated levels of LTB4that have been described in psoriatic skin may therefore be due to the PMNL infiltrate or to enhanced synthesis by another cell type. The reported increase in activity of the circulating PMNL in psoriasis does not appear to be due to increased 5‐lipoxygenase acti

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02779.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYApplication of inhalant allergens in high concentration to the mildly abraded skin of sensitive patients with atopic dermatitis gave rise to eczematous skin responses at 48 h. These lesions, infiltrated by basophils, eosinophils and mononuclear cells, are examples of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity. Repeated application of allergen induced an increase in skin mast cells by 6 days, the mast cell hyperplasia replacing the earlier basophil infiltration. No electron microscopic evidence of mast cell heterogeneity among the recruited cells was found.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02780.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe standard gravimetric method for measuring sebum excretion rates involves ether extraction of the collected sebum. We have evaluated a more direct method in which the collecting papers were pre‐ and post‐weighed in glass beakers under conditions of stable temperature and humidity. Weights were adjusted allowing for control weight gain or loss, due mainly to day to day changes in weight room humidity. The direct method compared favourably with the ether extraction method in determining: (1) sebum collected from 43 subjects (r=0.991,P<0.001), (2) left versus right forehead comparisons in 19 subjects (direct method: r=0.966,P<0.001; ether extraction method: r=0.963,P<0.001), and (3) recovery of sebum from 32 premeasured standards (r=0.997,P<0.001). The findings demonstrate the accuracy of the direct gravimetric procedure which is also simpler, safer and less expensive than methods currently in

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02781.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effects on murine Langerhans cells (LC) of steroid and non‐steroid immunosuppressive drugs which are commonly used for long‐term immunotherapy of human patients were investigated. Hydrocortisone, prednisolone, cyclosporin A or azathioprine was administered daily for 7 consecutive days either topically by application to the skin, or systemically by intraperitoneal injection. LC densities were determined on the day following cessation of treatment by staining for the plasma membrane‐bound enzyme adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase). All immunosuppressants caused a significant reduction in ATPase‐positive LC when administered topically, but not systemically. The systemically administered drugs, although given in high concentration, may not have penetrated the epidermis in sufficient concentrations to disrupt the LC membrane. These observations are consistent with long term immunosuppressants depleting cutaneous LC by bone marrow suppression rather than by a direct effec

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02782.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY