摘要:

AbstractThe part played by metastable nitrogen molecules and metastable nitrogen atoms in laboratory studies of auroral and night‐sky spectra is reviewed. The indication, by recent discoveries, that surfaces play an important rôle in the production of metastable entities in the laboratory, is used as the basis for an hypothesis regarding the rôle of meteoritic dust in the upper atmosphere. It is suggested that the relatively large concentration of metastable molecules in the 40‐70‐mile region of the upper atmosphere can be ascribed to the presence there of meteoritic dust particles which act as surfaces for the production of these molecules. The luminescence of ZnCO3in the presence of active nitrogen suggests the possibility of a similar phenomenon with meteoritic material as the luminescing particles. Finally, the remarkable similarity between laboratory night‐sky and auroral spectra and the natural spectra of the night sky and the aurorae is accounted for by the previously mentioned part played by meteoritic dust. Experimental verification of this hypothesis by Professor F. C. Leonard and the writer is

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe oxide of iron meteorites is typically laminated and magnetic, with a specific gravity of 2.92 to 4.24, and dark brown to black in color. Some occurs as shale‐balls, which may result from an abundance of lawrencite. These seem to be a special case of the ordinary rusting of iron masses. Shale‐balls resemble certain lava‐bombs, but one such mass is known which is non‐lamellar and contains traces of Widmanstätten figures. These figures have been seen also in Canyon Diablo, Arizona, oxide. Their preservation may be the result of the oxidation's having begun between the kamacite bands. This type of oxidation is also responsible for the presence of the metallic particles which are found in oxides. A meteorite in an intermediate stage is known. Schreibersite particles are found because of their resistance to oxidation.Oxides from Willamette, Oregon, and Odessa, Texas, are described and analyses given.The oxidation of meteorites is accelerated by electrolytic action between the constituents and by the action of lawrencite.Many oxides bear green stains. In four cases these have been identified as deposits of zaratite. The presence of this mineral and various experiments show that all the nickel need not enter the oxide, and that nickel can be removed by solution. Comparison of nickel contents of oxides and the unaltered metal shows that the oxide contains almost invariably less nickel than the metal. Hence, ancient meteorites may be unrecognizable because they have lost all their nickel.The mineral composition of the oxides is very imperfectly known.Rustiteandayasiteare suggested as possib

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe writer is convinced of the reality of sound which is produced, under favorable conditions, by the natural transformation of ether waves into ordinary sound, somewhat as in the radio, and proposes that the adjectiveethaërialbe used to designate such sound. If such sound exist, then the noises which are frequently heard at the same time as a meteor is seen and which have been reported by many observers, may be explained as ethaërial—in contradistinction to true aërial—

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 1902, Ellis Hughes found the Willamette, Oregon, meteorite on a hillside near Oregon City. It was on property belonging to the Oregon Iron&Steel Company. Unable to buy the land, Hughes constructed a crude truck, loaded the 16‐ton object onto it, and, by means of a windless and horse, secretly moved it three‐quarters of a mile to his own house, after three months of work. There he exhibited it to the public for a fee of 25 cents. The company from whose land the meteorite was moved soon brought suit to recover it. The lower court awarded it to the company. Hughes appealed to the State Supreme Court, and, on July 17, 1905, the high court decided that such objects are real estate and belong to the land where they are found. The company then moved the already famous object to Portland, where it was exhibited at the Lewis and Clark Exposition. On February 15, 1906, Mrs. William Dodge II of New York bought the meteorite from the owners and presented it to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. There it has since remai

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOn August 16, 1938, thePortland Oregoniancarried on its front page a story of the finding of a white‐hot meteorite in a hole in a fir tree about 60 feet from the ground. It was said that it had cut through 14 inches of the side of the tree. The story spread all over the country. The writer saw it inTimeand in theChristian Science Monitor. Attempts were made by interested persons to obtain samples for inspection, but the holder refused all requests. He would not let even newspaper men see it! Two forestry officials finally got a glimpse of it. They reported that it was light in color and weight and full of holes. It was soon learned through the Forestry Department that “tree meteorites” had several times previously been reported in the Pacific Northwest. Analyses of these objects had revealed a composition about like that of the ashes from sound wood in the same trees. Very little iron (only traces) and no nickel have been found. It is thought that these clinkers are formed when the top of a tree is burned off by forest fires and ashes sink down into the trunk, perhaps into a rotten spot, and there fuse into a solid mass by the intense heat of the surrounding burning

ISSN:0096-2813    

DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1939.tb00214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1939

数据来源: WILEY