ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1992.tb00063.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.One can expect that the fit, match or congruence between an information system and its organizational context will be of increasing importance as information systems become more and more integral parts of organizations. Existing IS research has largely neglected the theoretical analysis of the concept ‘fit’, however, even though it has been widely used in a ‘pre‐theoretical’ sense. The analysis of the concept of ‘organizational fit of an information system’ put forward in this article is essentially based on the recent analysis of ‘fit’ in contingency theory, suggesting three interpretations for the concept: a selection approach, an interaction approach and a systems approach. A review of the IS literature on the organizational fit of information systems indicates a lack of any cumulative tradition in existing empirical contingency research into information systems and dominance of the selection approach. Because of the two limitations, this paper regards any definite assessment of the potential prospects of contingency research into information systems as overhasty and proposes a framework for future research into the situation dependence and organizational fit of information systems which integrates contingency research into information systems, contingency research into IS impacts and contingency research into the IS adoption (development/implem

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1992.tb00064.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Many researchers in the field of knowledge elicitation (KE) have recognized the importance of the role of ‘expertise’ for the development of expert systems. This recognition has led to attempts to classify knowledge ‘types’ and define ‘genericxyr task structures so as to reduce the complexity of the KE process (Gammack&Young, 1985; Breuker&Wielinga, 1987; Welbank, 1987). The success of such an approach has been debatable as expertise has proved difficult to classify (Burton et al., 1987), with different researchers adopting different catagorizations. The research reported in this paper attempts to develop a broad view of ‘expertise’ by drawing upon Vicker's notion of ‘appreciation’ (1965). This, it is argued, can help to provide a useful description of the way in which expertise is gained and practised. The model suggested also takes into account the more ‘subjective’ aspects of human expertise (i.e. it allows for such components as intuition, personal experience and belief, bias and even prejudice). The view of expertise put forward is developed as a theoretical basis for a practical subjective approach to KE. As a result of this model, the author suggests that instead of concentrating upon the process of extraction, KE may be more usefully thought of as a process of inquiry through which, as described by Churchman (1971), knowledge, or expertise is produced. Some ideas that deal with ‘inquiring systems’ are examined here as an appropriate fra

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1992.tb00065.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.While executive information systems (EIS) constitute a rising trend in the use of information technology in organizations, much is still unknown in terms of the attributes an EIS should possess in order to increase the probability of successful implementation. A survey was conducted on 28 Canadian organizations, with 52 users giving their perceptions on the various attributes of EIS. Results indicate that the more important aspects relate to the quality of information and the benefits provided by EIS. Less important are the user‐interface and technical capabilities. User satisfaction with the attributes of their present system was also measured. In this regard, managers were more content with the quality of information and the user‐interface than with the benefits and the technical capabilities of their EIS. Overall, top‐managers were less satisfied with the present system than lower‐level m

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1992.tb00066.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Advances in educational technology have had little impact on the lecturing process, a process on which university‐level information systems education depends. This paper argues for the use of ‘playlets’, in the form of scripted dialogues that present the material in a more interesting and easily interpreted fashion. An example of a playlet is given which argues for a broader perspective on the user‐system interface. Experience of using such playlets is discussed and appropriate lesson

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1992.tb00067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY