摘要:

ABSTRACTThe clinical features, imaging and angiographic findings of thirty four patients with cranial dural arteriovenous malformations and fistulae are presented in four groups.Group 1 – Seven patients with anterior cavernous malformations, predominant superior ophthalmic vein drainage, and symptoms and signs of carotico‐cavernous fistula.Group 2 – Twelve patients with malformations of the superior petrosal, transverse and sigmoid sinus regions, presenting predominantly with bruit.Group 3 – Seven patients with malformations of the basal sinuses and prominent cortical venous drainage, presenting with intracranial haemorrhage, headache and impaired cortical function. Intracranial haemorrhage never occured in the absence of cortical venous drainage.Group 4 – Eight patients with infrequent manifestations.Group 1 and 2 patients are readily recognized and diagnosed. Group 3 and 4 patients are often misdiagnosed.Treatment modalities comprised embolisation therapy, surgical excision, and carotid compression. Twenty patients were treated by one or more of these modalities with a successful outcome in thirteen patients. Group 1 patients are the most amenable to trans‐arterial embolisation. Carotid compression as the sole modality of treatment was successful in four patients.Unless the fistula is successfully closed, Group 3 patients and patients who present with cervical or thoracic myelopathy carry a grave prognosis.There is need for greater radiologist awareness of Group 3 and the rarer presentations, particularly myelopathy.With the exception of one patient, the morphological features of our cases are consistent with the now‐accepted view that these lesions are acquired arterio‐venous fistulae and not congentia

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTDevelopmental anomalies of the lumbar spine are common. The disc between anomalous segments has a characteristic appearance on sagittal T2 MR images, not previously described. These have been classified into two types: transitional (where there is only partial fusion of bony segments), or rudimentary (where there is complete fusion of the two adjacent vertebral bodies). Both types produce discs that are smaller than adjacent, normal, mobile, lumbar disc segments. Disc signal intensity, from the anomalous segment, is normal, but the disc lacks an intranuclear cleft. Consideration of these appearances allows identification and differentiation from the normal, mobile lumbar disc in the absence of plain radiographs. Knowlege of such discs permits the application of accurate nomenclature to disc abnormalities above anomalous levels.

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe efficacy of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd‐DTPA) enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis and differentiation of soft‐tissue, neoplastic and non‐neoplastic lesion has not been well established. Thirty patients with soft tissue masses (18 neoplastic and 12 non‐neoplastic) were studied, using MR imaging with and without administration of Gd‐DTPA. Gd‐DTPA proved helpful in characterisation of several entities, including differentiation of solid mass from proteinaceous cyst, demonstration of tumour nodules within haemor‐rhagic or necrotic masses, and delineation of tumour adjacent to oedema. The use of Gd‐DTPA may provide additional information for tissue specificity and, in complicated cases, Gd‐DTPA may also provide essential information that cannot be obtained using other methods. We recommend the use of contrast enhanced MR as an adjunct to conventional MR imaging in the initial assessment of musculoskeletal soft tissue masses. However, T2‐weighted images show better tissue contrast of the lesions, and are equal to contrast enhanced images in delineation of tumour margins. Non‐contrast enhanced images are, therefore, probably adequate for the delineation of lesions for surgical planning when a diagnosis

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo hundred and thirty four suspected primary bone and soft tissue tumours were investigated using plain films and MRI. The MR appearance of 200 of these tumours was assessed with respect to the intensity of the lesion, the homogeneity of the tumour, the presence or absence of a capsule or lobulation, whether the tumour was whorled or not and whether it contained either fluid or blood. Apart from benign lipomas and some malignant myxoid liposarcomas, however, it seemed virtually impossible to tell one tumour from another and in many cases to differentiate a benign lesion from a malignant tumour using MRI alone. We recommend that the workup of a suspected soft tissue tumour should be initially by MR scanning and that the workup of a suspected malignant bone tumour should be plain films followed by an MRI scan.

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo cases of pulmonary toxicity associated with chronic ingestion of amiodarone are presented. Special emphasis is given to the radiological features which may aid in the clinical diagnosis of this disorder.

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWhen selective magnification pulmonary angiography was done within 48 hours of a Ventilation/Perfusion (VP) scan, disagreement between scan and angiogram findings was common. Correlation was poor in both high and low probability of embolism groups as defined by scan. Analysis of individual scan diagnostic criteria showed them to be as unreliable as all of them taken together.The patients coming to angiography were those in which the VP scan disagreed with clinical impressions about the probability of embolism. These problem cases have biased the results against scanning, but they reflect how pulmonary angiography is used in clinical practice. North American studies are reviewed in detail, to show that poor correlation between VP scan and angiography is neither a local aberration nor confined to retrospective analyses.If clinical and scan probabilities of embolism do not agree, pulmonary angiography can safely decide the issue.

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe chest radiographs of 17 patients who had undergone pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) reconstruction for head and neck cancers were reviewed. Surgical procedure correlated well with radiographic findings, which consisted of the following signs: abnormal axillary and supraclavicular folds, replacement of normal vertical neck fold by an oblique fold, soft tissue mass and loss of facial plane at base of the neck. Unilateral radiolucent hemithorax was present in 41% of cases. In females, loss of breast shadow simulating the post‐mastectomy appearance was presen

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNonspecific aortoarteritis (Takayasu disease) is a primary arteritis of unknown etiology which commonly involves the aorta, and results in stenosis, occlusion, dilatation or formation of aneurysm in the involved segment. Of these, occlusion is the most rare form of involvement, and is usually reported to occur in the abdominal aorta. Only one case of aortic arch occlusion has been reported. We retrospectively studied the frequency and sites of aortic occlusion in 110 consecutive patients who underwent digital subtraction angiography. Aortic occlusion was seen in three (2.7%) patients, and involved the abdominal aorta in two, and the aortic arch in one patient. The clinical presentation in all three patients was with systemic hypertension and lower limb claudication. The detection and localization of the aortic occlusion is important since this has practical implications in the management of these patients. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography is usually adequate for the diagnostic assessment.

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo infants, aged 5 and 6 months, with the chronic form of HT Type 1 A were studied with sonography and CT. The imaging findings mirrored the pathological process. The sonographic findings included marked hepatomegaly, the parenchyma being of increased echogenicity due to fibrosis and fatty infiltration, and containing multiple hypoechoic regenerating nodules of varying sizes. There was marked nephromegaly, with uniform thickening of the renal cortices. Apart from the density measurement of the hepatic nodules and the perfusion status of the liver and kidney, no additional information was added by CT imaging. The diagnosis of HT Type 1 A should be excluded in an infant presented with the described typical sonographic features.

ISSN:0004-8461    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1673.1993.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY