ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Magnetic resonance imaging, with its multiplanar imaging capability and superior soft-tissue contrast, has become the preferred method for imaging sports-related injuries. Advances in gradient technology, receiver coils, and imaging software have allowed the imaging of the injured athlete to take place quickly and at high resolution. Understanding the tissues being imaged, the underlying anatomy, and the capabilities of today's scanners is crucial to the design of intelligent and efficient protocols.

ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Indirect magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography is an imaging tool with several advantages over both direct MR arthrography and unenhanced musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging. It is based upon the idea that paramagnetic contrast agents injected intravenously into the plasma compartment ultimately will perfuse the articular space. Advantages of indirect MR arthrography include enhancement of both intra-articular and extra-articular pathology without the need for an invasive, fluoroscopically guided arthrogram, as well as high sensitivity for reinjury in postoperative patients. Some potential disadvantages of this technique are enhancement of normal vascular tissues and difficulty in making a diagnosis dependent upon joint space distension in the absence of an effusion. Important technical issues when performing indirect arthrography include choosing an appropriate delay between contrast injection and imaging, as well as the potential use of patient exercise to improve image quality. In sports medicine, indirect MR arthrography is most useful in and about small joints such as the wrist and ankle; in articulations with potential internal derangements, as well as bony or osteochondral injuries; and in injured joints that have been altered surgically.

ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Shoulder instability can be due to a single, acute traumatic event, generalized joint laxity, or repeated episodes of microtrauma. The later occurs in the throwing athlete. The most common lesion involving the labrum is the anterior inferior labral tear, associated with capsuloperiosteal stripping (classic Bankart lesion). A number of variants of the Bankart lesion have been described recently and include the ALPSA lesion, SLAP lesion, and HAGHL lesion, among others. Lesions of the long head of the biceps tendon can be seen in isolation (tears, tendinosis, dislocation) or in association with rotator cuff and labral lesions. Conventional MR and MR arthrography have been extensively used for the preoperative diagnosis of these lesions, with reportedly good accuracy. An understanding of the normal anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder joint is essential for proper interpretation of the MRI manifestations of these conditions.

ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Magnetic resonance imaging has proven to be useful in the assessment of rotator cuff injuries. Improvements in magnetic resonance techniques, including fast spin-echo imaging and fat saturation, have facilitated demonstration of tendinous abnormalities of the rotator cuff. Rotator cuff disease is multifactorial. Primary impingement within the coracoacromial arch, degeneration of the rotator cuff tendons, trauma, and glenohumeral instability may be contributing factors. Shoulder pain in athletes can be related to acute myotendinous and muscle injuries, which can be easily detected using magnetic resonance imaging.

ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Many abnormalities seen in the elbow result from trauma, often from sports such as baseball and tennis. Elbow problems are frequently related to the medial tension-lateral compression phenomenon, where repeated valgus stress produces flexor-pronator strain, ulnar collateral ligament sprain, ulnar traction spurring, and ulnar neuropathy. Lateral compression causes osteochondral lesions of the capitellum and radial head, degenerative arthritis, and loose bodies. Other elbow abnormalities seen on magnetic resonance imaging include radial collateral ligament injuries, biceps and triceps tendon injuries, other nerve entrapment syndromes, loose bodies, osseous and soft-tissue trauma, arthritis, and masses, including bursae.

ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Spinal injuries are relatively frequent events in professional athletes. Greater popularity of recreational athletic activities has increased the occurrence of sports-related spinal injuries in the general population. The demand of high-intensity sports places a constant load on the vertebral column. Several studies have demonstrated higher prevalence of spinal abnormalities in athletes than nonathletes. Direct correlation of the number and extent of injuries with the length in years of sports activity has been established. Diagnostic imaging, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), plays a crucial role in evaluating and detecting sports-related spinal injuries. Subtle bone marrow, soft-tissue, and spinal cord abnormalities, which may not be apparent on other imaging modalities, can be readily detected on MRI. Early detection often leads to prompt accurate diagnosis and expeditious management, in many cases avoiding unnecessary procedures. This article reviews the technical aspects of MRI for evaluation of the spine and the role of MRI in the assessment of sports-related spinal injuries.

ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Advanced technology and increasing clinical experience have established sonography as a reliable imaging modality for sports-related injuries. Tears of muscles and tendons, tendinosis, and tenosynovitis are promptly diagnosed using ultrasound. Dynamic assessment of joints can be performed, allowing diagnoses of conditions that may remain undetected when evaluated with conventional magnetic resonance imaging. Sonography provides expeditious image guidance for procedures such as drainage of fluid collections and cysts. This article reviews the applications of sonography to sports-related injuries in which its diagnostic performance may be comparable to magnetic resonance imaging.

ISSN:0899-3459    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID