ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07274.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07275.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 1973 Belleville Industries Inc. acquired an old brick and wood building situated on a river near the entry to New Bedford Harbor. The company continued to manufacture capacitors, as had the seller of the property for 28 years. The process included the use of PCBs purchased from Monsanto Chemical Company between 1973 and 1977. Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Company provided comprehensive general liability (CGL) for Belleville. In 1983 the federal and state governments sued Belleville seeking damages and cleanup costs resulting from pollution of the river and harbor. Belleville gave notice of the suit to Lumbermens requesting defense and indemnity. Lumbermens denied coverage and then brought this suit seeking a declaration that it was not liable. After the trial court partially ruled in favor of the governmental parties, Lumbermens joined in a consent decree requiring it to pay $4 million. At subsequent proceedings Belleville limited its claims to discharges from two allegedly “sudden and accidental” events: an exceptionally heavy rainstorm in 1973 and a fire in 1975.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07276.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Articles in this section of the Journal are dedicated to providing current information about legislative and regulatory developments. They address needs and concerns of water utilities from a practical standpoint; they are not intended to reflect official positions or policies of AWWA. Frederick W. Pontius, AWWA associate director for regulatory affairs, and Albert E. Warburton, AWWA associate director for legislative affairs, prepared this discussion regarding pending lead legislation.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07280.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This Roundtable discussion took place at AWWA's 1991 annual conference in Philadelphia, Pa. Panel moderator was Frederick A, Marrocco, water supplies division chief at the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources, Executive House, 2nd and Chestnut Streets, Room 514, Harrisburg, PA 17101. Other participants were Peter L. Cook, deputy director of the Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St. S. W, Washington, DC 20460: Gerald R. Iwan, chief of water supplies, State of Connecticut Department of Health Services, 150 Washington St., Hartford, CT 06106; Erik Olson, Natural Resources Defense Council, 1350 New York Ave. N. W., Washington, DC 20005 (at the time of this Roundtable counsel for the Environmental Quality Division, National Wildlife Federation, Washington, D. C); Richard Sawey, director of water and wastewater for the City of Fort Worth, 1000 Throckmorton, Fort Worth, TX 76101; and A.T. Rolan, director of water resources for the City of Durham, 101 City Hall Plaza, Durham, NC 27701

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07281.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07282.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human beings are not particularly rational, and one way in which that fact is apparent is how people perceive issues of risk and safety. Risk perception is influenced by complicated social, cultural, and psychological factors as well as by objective information. Water, which is essential to life, has a unique role in people's emotional associations. Notions of water contamination convey threats of sickness; notions of water purity convey suggestions of health and safety. Heightened public awareness about environmental problems has magnified people's concern about the quality of drinking water, even in the absence of any degradation of that quality. Utilities should respect the concerns, values, and wisdom that are inherent in people's perceptions of risk. The issue of control is fundamental in risk perception, and so it is important to include in the utility's decision‐making process those affected by or concerned with the decisions. Water professionals who understand risk perception can improve a utility's communication with the public and the news media. The author provides examples of how the Portland, Ore., Water Bureau has put these guidelines into practice.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07283.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Too often, organizations implement automated computerized systems from the top down and concentrate on technical issues to the exclusion of human factors. Frequently such systems fail because the people most directly involved with them during the workday find them impractical or resent not having been involved in planning. To prevent this from happening, the authors propose that organizations select from within their ranks a “system champion” who is familiar with the process being automated and who can serve as a focal point for preliminary organization wide communication and for project planning. This article describes the characteristics of such a system champion and the support he or she needs from the organization. It suggests that organizational issues must be addressed as an integral part of systems projects.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07284.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Organizational culture has been related to organizational performance in a number of nonutility settings. In this study, actual and desired cultures of a water utility were analyzed along with data on measures of organizational health. The major finding was that the greater the discrepancy between actual and ideal cultures, the lower the level of job satisfaction, the less the degree of job involvement, and the lower the level of commitment to the organization. Implications of these and other findings for utility management are discussed.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07285.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Membrane technology is a process that has not been widely used in potable water treatment, except for reverse osmosis applications. Because of increasingly stringent regulations, this technology is being examined for the potential application of ultrafiltration, microfiltration, and nanofiltration to water treatment processes. Membranes can be used as the primary means to remove materials from water, but they can also be used in conjunction with other physical, chemical, or biological processes to separate phases, isolate organisms, or to bring two phases into contact with each other.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07286.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY