ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00659.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00660.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The HLA and H‐2 genetic maps are aligned optimally ifHLA‐Acorresponds toH‐2K, in which case the position of all the other markers, except these, corresponds. The two sequences could be related by a double inversion, an intra‐chromosomal double crossover, or differential expression of different parts of the regions in the two species. The coding regions of DNA are probably arranged into non‐contiguous pieces, which may correspond to defined domains of the HLA protein products. Serological data suggest an ABC common region which codes for a piece common to the HLA‐A,B and C products and raises the question of control of expression over relatively long distances. Trophoblasts and so choriocarcinomas do not express HLA‐A,B,C on their surface and this may explain why the fetus survives as an allograft and why HLA incompatibility does not affect choriocarcinomas. The lack of expression of HLA‐A,B,C on some tumors may be a change that is selected for during tumor progression to escape from T cell mediated immune attack. The mouse H‐2 I‐A region probably corresponds to the neighborhood ofHLA‐DR, while the apparent heterogeneity of the HLA‐DR products may be explained by the existence of two or more sets of products homologous to I‐A and I‐E/C. HLA‐A,B,C and DR products may behave like complement components on the cell surface in relation to the T‐cell receptor. This suggestion has interesting implications for the function of the T‐cell receptor, the nature of antigen specific factors and their role in autoimmune disease. The HLA region as a whole may code for up to 150 peptides of the approximate s

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00661.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The mechanism of MHC restriction is discussed with special reference to cytotoxic T lymphocytes reactive against hapten‐modified self determinants. Effector cell specificity is considered to reflect the specificity of primary induction and recognition between T lymphocytes and immunogenic antigenic determinants. Mechanisms of activation and development of different receptor specificity repertoires in T and in B cells are discussed, with special reference to those self determinants that direct specificity and serve as markers for self‐nonself discriminat

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00662.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antibodies against lymphocyte surface components are able to rearrange profoundly the topography of the cell membrane with a differential modulation of surface antigens. Of particular interest is the effect of anti‐β2m reagents, which are able to suppress completely the reactivity of epitopes carried by the two chains of the ABC dimers, while the expressivity of other antigens, such as DR, is significantly increased. These results have been obtained with immunoradiobinding under a variety of conditions, thus confirming the validity of the “bb” (β2m blanketin

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00663.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Screening for anti‐HLA‐DR sera was performed by complement fixation on PHA stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PHA‐CF), or cultured B lymphoid cell lines. Out of 1,350 sera from multiparous women, multitransfused patients, and patients transfused during extra‐corporal circulation (ECC), 219 contained anti‐HLA‐DR activity (16.2%). Anti‐HLA‐DR antibodies developed after ECC were often high titered (1:10 to 1:100). In half of these sera anti‐HLA‐A, B antibodies were weak or absent, making it possible to use them as anti‐HLA‐DR reagents without platelet absorption. Of the 219 positive sera 51 contained defined anti‐DR antibodies (20 monospecific and 31 bi‐or multispecific). The 13 best sera recognized DR1 to DR7 specificities with r values from 0.83 to 1.Twenty‐four sera selected by CF were also studied by lymphocytotoxicity technique against peripheral blood B lymphocytes (B‐LCT). Both PHA‐CF and B‐LCT techniques gave similar results, detecting the same specificities and showing comparable sensitivity.The advantages of CF are: easy storage of target cells at −80°C or +4°C, and fast reading. For these reasons PHA‐CF or CF on cultured B lymphoid cell lines can be proposed for large scale screening of anti‐HLA‐DR sera. The sera thus screened can be use

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A consanguineous family has been typed for HLA‐A, B, C, D, DR and GLO, Bf, C2 and C4 and other red cell markers. The results indicate that an expected Dw7 homozygous sibling is a “Dw1”/Dw7 recombinant, probably derived from a crossing over between DR and D on the paternal haplotypes. The anomalous typings by Dw1 HTCs of the recombinant haplotype are best explained by the likely presence of an additional Lad polymorphism which could be a serologically detectable second epitope on the same molecule as the HLA‐D determinant or in the form of two linked chains, one encoded by HLA‐D and one by another Lad gene in the HLA

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To test the influence in primary MLC of the newly PLT defined determinant PL3 A (Termijtelen et al. 1980), 11 Dw3/DR3 homozygous individuals were tested in an MLC matrix. Two groups of mutually negative cells were defined. The results appeared to correlate with the presence of PL3A. Cells from group 2 were stimulated by cells from group 1, but the reverse reactions were negative. A genetic model for this “one way” stimulation, observed in MLC as well as PLT, is discussed.We suggest that PL3A, which causes strong stimulation in PLT, also plays a role in primary

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Preincubation of donor platelets with ticarcillin will prevent the reactivity of a platelet antibody against these platelets, whereas no influence was observed on antisera against HLA, 5A, 5b and Zwa. The implications for the mechanism of drug‐induced antibodies with restricted specificity will be discussed.In part supported by the Dutch Organization for Health Research (TNO), the Dutch Foundation for Medical Research (FUNGO) which is subsidized by the Dutch Foundation for the Advancement of Pure Research (ZWO), the J. A. Cohen Institute for Radiopathology and Radiation Protection (IRS

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A hemolysis assay was developed to detect alloantibodies to human immunoglobulin. A total of 1035 serum samples was tested. Anti‐IgM antibodies were found in 8% of 59 normal persons and in 13% of 439 multiparous women, with the highest incidence of 67% in 341 dialysis patients. Although the anti‐IgM antibodies were inhibited by both IgM and IgG, it appeared that they were also inhibited by F(ab')2but not by Fc. Anti‐IgG antibodies were more strongly inhibited by Fc than F(ab')2. These results suggest that anti‐IgM antibodies might be analogous to antiidiotypic antibodies directed to F(ab')2, whereas anti‐IgG antibodies tend to have greater reactiv

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY